Assessment of Neutrophil Function in the Dairy Cow during the Perinatal Period

Nagahata, Hajime; Makino, Susumu; Takeda, Satoru; Takahashi, Hitomi; Noda, Hiroshi

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0450.1988.tb00554.x

Cited by 54 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We think that this reduction in L-selectin receptors can have a negative impact on the ability of PMN to be recruited into the mammary gland. Random migration and chemotaxis are impaired during the first week after calving [2,28], as are phagocytosis [16,21,34] and respiratory burst activity [12,19,21]. A recent study reported a significant drop in L-selectin expression between 9 and 24 h after calving [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of L-selectin expression and assessment of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes around parturition

Monfardini

Paape²,

Wang³

et al. 2002

Vet. Res.

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-Impaired polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocyte (PMN) function around parturition has been associated with increased clinical mastitis in dairy cows. Rolling and attachment of PMN to the endothelium is the first step in the recruitment process and is accomplished by interaction between L-selectin on PMN and its ligand on endothelial cells. Furthermore, tyrosine phosphorylation is involved in the initiation of many PMN functions. The objective of this work was to determine changes in expression of L-selectin and tyrosine phosphorylation in the perinatal period. Eight clinically healthy Holstein cows were used as PMN donors at d -21, -14, -7, 0 (calving), +1, +2, +7, +14, +28. Evaluation of L-selectin expression was carried out on activated and resting PMN. Anti-bovine L-selectin monoclonal antibody (MAB) and flow cytometric analysis were used to measure the percentage of PMN fluorescing and receptor expression (log mean fluorescent channel, LMFC). Activated and resting PMN showed similar trends in % PMN fluorescence and LMFC. The percentage of PMN fluorescing tended to decrease at parturition, followed by a significant increase at d +14 and +28 (P < 0.02). For LMFC a decrease was observed on d +1 followed by an increase through d +28 (P < 0.01). Protein tyrosine phosphorylation of lysates prepared from PMN isolated throughout the study was detected by electrophoresis and western blotting using anti-phosphotyrosine MAB. Several protein bands were tyrosine phosphorylated. Two of these bands (42-44 kDa and 90 kDa) varied in intensity over time. The intensity of the 42-44 kDa band gradually increased from d -7, peaked at d +7 (P < 0.03), and steadily decreased to d +28 (P < 0.02). Antibody to activated mitogen protein kinase reacted with the 42-44 kDa band. Reduced PMN function during the periparturient period L-selectin / tyrosine phosphorylation / neutrophil / mastitis / parturition Résumé -Évaluation de l'expression de la L-sélectine et de la phosphorylation de la tyrosine des protéines des neutrophiles bovins au moment de la parturition. Pendant la parturition, une fonction affaiblie des neutrophiles (PMN) a été associée à une augmentation des mammites cliniques chez les vaches laitières. Roulement et attachement des PMN à l'endothélium est le premier pas dans le processus du recrutement et est accompli par l'interaction entre la L-sélectine sur la membrane des PMN et son ligand sur les cellules de l'endothélium. En outre, dans les PMN, la phosphorylation de la tyrosine est impliquée dans l'initiation de plusieurs fonctions. L'objectif de ce travail était de détermi-ner les changements d'expression de la L-sélectine et de la phosphorylation de la tyrosine dans la pé-riode périnatale. Huit vaches de race Holstein, cliniquement saines, ont été utilisées comme donneuses de PMN aux jours -21, -14, -7, 0 (vêlage), +1, +2, +7, +14, +28. L'évaluation de l'expression de la L-sélectine a été effectuée sur des PMN activés et non activés. Des anticorps monoclonaux anti-L-sélectine bovine (MAB) et la cytométrie en ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of L-selectin expression and assessment of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes around parturition

Monfardini

Paape²,

Wang³

et al. 2002

Vet. Res.

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“…Briefty, Guidry et al (1976) first reported a reduced phagocytic capacify of neutrophils during the peripartum period. A decade later, research ftarther indicated that neutrophil chemotaxis, Superoxide anión production, and total killing capacify were also attenuated during the peripartum period (Nagahata et al, 1988;Kehrli et al, 1989). A more direct causal link between neutrophil ftinction and the severify of E. coli mastitis was observed in the data from Heyneman et al (1990), who reported a greater incidence of serum-resistant E. coli mastitis in cows that had a decreased neutrophil oxidative burst capacify.…”

Section: Clinical Diseasementioning

confidence: 96%

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Inflammation: Role in the etiology and pathophysiology of clinical mastitis in dairy cows1

Ballou

2012

Journal of Animal Science

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Genetic selection for increased milk production in dairy cattle was not associated with an attenuated inflammatory response. The systemic and local inflammatory responses contribute to altered metabolism, reduced production performance, and increased cull rate of lactating dairy cows with clinical mastitis. More aggressive inflammatory responses were observed during the peripartum period when compared with cows in late lactation after an intramammary challenge with purified lipopolysaccharide. The epidemiology of clinical mastitis indicates that the greatest incidence is observed during the peripartum period; therefore, an enhanced inflammatory response with concomitant suppression in other immune responses may be involved in the etiology and severity of the clinical mastitis observed in peripartum cows. Milk production losses and compositional changes are observed among all mammary quarters from a cow with clinical mastitis, but the responses are more severe and sustained among infected quarters. The infected mammary quarters reflect both the systemic and local reactions, whereas uninfected quarters represent only the systemic response. The systemic effects of the inflammatory response include reduced DMI, hyperthermia, and changes in whole-body nutrient partitioning affecting mammary epithelial substrate availability, whereas local inflammatory effects include energetic requirements of the increased inflammatory leukocyte pool, decreased synthetic capacity of mammary epithelium independent of substrate availability, and paracellular leakage of milk components from the alveolar lumen into the extracellular fluid. Research has focused on improving host immunological defenses, attenuating the inflammatory response, or improving the resolution of the disease state to limit the deleterious effects during clinical mastitis. This paper highlights the role inflammation plays in the etiology and pathophysiology of clinical mastitis as well as potential management strategies to reduce or prevent those losses.

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“…The function of neutrophils in host defense mechanisms relies heavily on phagocytosis. Previous studies [20,33,34] showed that polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) function was impaired in the cow during the peripartum period, which suggested that attenuated PMN function contributed to the increased incidence of postpartum diseases. We found that for both the endometritis and control cow groups, the phagocytic capacity of their leukocytes increased at calving relative to the week 1 prepartum capacity, and that this then dropped within a week to the start values; these levels were then maintained for the remainder of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Responses during the Peripartum Period in Dairy Cows with Postpartum Endometritis

Kim

Yang

2005

J. Reprod. Dev.

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Abstract. Determining the immune responses to the development of endometritis during the peripartum period may assist in the development of more efficient reproductive management regimens for dairy herds. In this study, we compared the peripartum immune responses of dairy cows that develop endometritis by 4 weeks postpartum (n=11) to cows that did not develop this disease (n=19). Blood samples were collected 1 week before calving, just after or during calving, and then at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4 postpartum. Cows that developed endometriris had significantly higher total leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts than the control cows (P<0.05) at all time points. The leukocytes from cows that developed endometritis were significantly less phagocytic than those from control cows at all sampling time points (P<0.01). The serum TNFα concentrations of the control cows decreased linearly from the prepartum time point (P=0.0029), but the endometritis cows showed a different profile (P>0.05). As a result, the serum TNFα concentrations were greater in the endometritis group (P<0.01) than in the control group during the third and fourth weeks postpartum. The greater total leukocyte numbers and neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts, and the maintenance of elevated serum TNFα levels in the cows with endometritis may be due to infection in the postpartum period. Furthermore, the decreased phagocytic capacity of leukocytes during the peripartum period, including at the prepartum time point, makes cows more susceptible to postpartum endometritis.

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Assessment of Neutrophil Function in the Dairy Cow during the Perinatal Period

Cited by 54 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of L-selectin expression and assessment of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes around parturition

Evaluation of L-selectin expression and assessment of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in bovine polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes around parturition

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Inflammation: Role in the etiology and pathophysiology of clinical mastitis in dairy cows1

Immune Responses during the Peripartum Period in Dairy Cows with Postpartum Endometritis

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