Assessment of new-onset depression and anxiety associated with COVID-19

Hurissi, Eman; Abu-jabir, Ethar; Mohammed, Abdulaziz; Mahnashi, Mashael; Alharbi, Sana Abdulkream; Alharbi, Ahmad A.; Alnaami, Ahmed; Alameer, Essam; Alahmar, Anwar

doi:10.1186/s43045-021-00112-w

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Furthermore, we collected the symptoms of depression in accordance with Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) to strengthen the results of PHQ-9 [33]. PHQ-9 is widely used in studies related to COVID [34] and is strongly correlated with the structural clinical interview for depression in psychiatric centers [35]. This questionnaire consists of nine Likert-scale questions with scores ranging from 0 to 3 per question with a total score ranging from 0 t0 27.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID depression and its multiple factors, does Favipiravir have a protective effect? A longitudinal study of indonesia COVID-19 patients

et al. 2022

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Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) not only has a long-term effect on its survivors, it also affects their quality of life, including inducing depression as a possible manifestation of central nervous system disruption. Favipiravir shows promising efficacy as an antiviral drug for the treatment of COVID-19. However, its effect on the sequelae of COVID-19 has not been explored. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of Favipiravir and address the factors associated with post-COVID depression in Indonesia. Method This cohort study conducted a post-COVID-19 survey on Indonesian patients who were diagnosed by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and antigen tests until January 2022. An online questionnaire was distributed to obtain information on demographics, comorbidities, health behavior, symptoms, and treatment. The propensity technique was used to allocate the participants into the favipiravir and nonrecipient groups (1:1). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used for outcome measurement. The cohort was followed up biweekly for 60 days after onset/diagnosis to determine the occurrence of depression. Cox regression analysis with an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the effect of favipiravir on post-COVID-19 depression. Results The data included the information of 712 participants, of whom 18.54% had depression within 60 days after onset/diagnosis. Depression was higher in the nonrecipient group (21.06%) than in the favipiravir group (16.01%). After adjustment by other factors, favipiravir prescription was found to be associated with depression (aOR 0.488, 95% CI 0.339–0.701 p < 0.001). In accordance with the PHQ-9 subset, favipiravir exerted a significant protective effect against depressive mood and loss of interest. However, patients living alone were prone to experiencing loss of interest (aOR 2.253, 95% CI 1.329–3.818, p = 0.003). Conclusion The data obtained in this preliminary survey suggested that favipiravir may be useful for preventing post-COVID depression. However, further study is needed. Moreover, the provision of mental health support, particularly to those who live alone, must be ensured. Trial registration Registry NCT05060562.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID depression and its multiple factors, does Favipiravir have a protective effect? A longitudinal study of indonesia COVID-19 patients

et al. 2022

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“…The reported prevalence of depression at 6% in COVID-19 patients is higher to general population [44]. Females are more likely to experience depression than males [46]. According to one study, nearly one-fourth patients had intended to commit suicide or harm oneself [27].…”

Section: Depression Among Patient Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Impact of COVID-19 – Fear, Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Sequels

Parchani¹,

Panda²,

Krishnan³

2023

Psychosocial, Educational, and Economic Impacts of COVID-19

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Disease pandemics are known to cause mental impact, COVID-19 is not an exception. The ensuing mental health issues are not only restricted to the patients and their relatives/friends but affect the healthcare workers (HCWs) as well. Home isolated/quarantined patients/care takers experience a greater tendency of fear, stress, anxiety, and depression compared to those admitted in the hospital. Similarly, HCWs posted in COVID-19 designated areas of the hospital display higher levels of mental problems in comparison to those posted in non-COVID areas. Furthermore, long COVID-19 syndrome encompasses another large mental impact after 4-12 weeks of acute illness. Several instruments are available to screen for anxiety, fear, stress and depression, including the PSS 10 and DASS 21 questionnaires. These can be used by any HCW and even by educated patients or their care takers with telemedicine guidance from HCW. Treatment is also simple and cognitive behavioral therapy is a major solution and can be markedly practice with tele-consultation. The high degree of uncertainty associated with novel pathogens like COVID-19, both during acute and chronic effects has a profound effect on the mental state of asymptomatic/suspected/confirmed patients, their care takers, friends, as well as HCWs. However, by accepting pandemic with new-normal life of COVID-19 appropriate behaviors, human mankind can overcome these impacts.

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“…Second, in our study we did not perform an evaluation of risk factors for the development of anxiety, depressive or stress symptoms following COVID-19 infection and ICU hospitalization. In fact, longer-term hospitalization (88), female gender (14,(89)(90)(91), perception of low social support (14,88), previous psychiatric problems (89) and low oxygen saturation (92) are associated with increased psychological distress at discharge. Third, coping strategy was assessed on a clinical basis by four independent expert clinical evaluators and psychologists, rather than via a standardized questionnaire.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological health in COVID-19 patients after discharge from an intensive care unit

Carola

Vincenzo

Morale

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Along with physical changes, psychological changes are detectable in patients with COVID-19. In these patients, the stressful experience of intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization may aggravate psychological conditions. Our study examines the short- and long-term psychological consequences of COVID-19 in ICU patients. COVID-19 patients completed the self-rating questionnaires Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS), Impact of Event Scale Revised (IES-R), and Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and were clinically interviewed 1 and 6 months after discharge. Altered behavioral-psychological symptoms and patients' strategies (adaptive vs. maladaptive) for coping with stress during and after hospitalization were coded during clinical interviews. Between 20 and 30% of patients showed moderate symptoms of depression or anxiety and perceived stress 1 and 6 months after discharge. Sleep problems, difficulty concentrating, confusion in placing events, and fear of reinfection were observed in many (6–17%) patients. At 6 months, only 7% of patients showed PTSD symptoms, and 50% showed post-traumatic growth in the “appreciation of life” sub-scale. Finally, 32% of subjects were classified as “maladaptive coping patients,” and 68% as “adaptive coping patients.” Patients who adopted “adaptive” coping strategies showed significantly lower levels of anxious-depressive symptoms and perceived stress when compared to subjects with “maladaptive” strategies at both time points. Coping strategy had no effect on PTSD symptoms or post-traumatic growth at 6 months. These findings clarify the short- and long-term psychological effects of intensive care due to COVID-19 infection and demonstrate that patient characteristics, particularly strategies for coping with stress, seem to play a critical role in psychological outcomes.

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Assessment of new-onset depression and anxiety associated with COVID-19

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Post-COVID depression and its multiple factors, does Favipiravir have a protective effect? A longitudinal study of indonesia COVID-19 patients

Post-COVID depression and its multiple factors, does Favipiravir have a protective effect? A longitudinal study of indonesia COVID-19 patients

Mental Impact of COVID-19 – Fear, Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Sequels

Psychological health in COVID-19 patients after discharge from an intensive care unit

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