Assessment of occupational exposure and radiation risks in nuclear medicine departments

Alkhorayef, M.; Mayhoub, Fareed H.; Salah, Hassan; Sulieman, Abdelmoneim; Al-Mohammed, H.I.; Almuwannis, M.; Kappas, Constantin; Bradley, D.A.

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108529

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The average annual staff effective dose was estimated to be 2.3 mSv, ranging from 0.1 to 4.9 mSv. NM technicians received external doses mostly from radioactive patients rather than from making and injecting radiopharmaceuticals [21]. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), exposed personnel in NM facilities should get an average yearly effective dose (mSv) between three to five and 5.0 mSv [22].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Patient and Staff Annual Effective Doses at a Nuclear Medicine Department during Bone Scans

Mattar¹

2022

OJRad

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The current research aims to assess the staff and patients' effective doses during Nuclear medicine (NM) bone scans procedures. The administered activity was utilized to quantify the patients' effective doses, while personnel's effective doses were quantified using thermoluminescent detectors (TLD-100). The average administered activity was 650 (440 to 1440) MBq procedures using SPECT gamma camera system. The average annual staff effective dose (mSv) was estimated to be 2.3 (0.1 to 4.9). The typical patient's effective dose was 4.9 (3.6 to 6.0) mSv per procedure. Staff exposure within the yearly effective dose limits. Patients' exposure optimization is required based on patient weight. Estimating staff eye lens doses is suggested to confirm that the yearly effective radiation doses are within the safety range.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Patient and Staff Annual Effective Doses at a Nuclear Medicine Department during Bone Scans

Mattar¹

2022

OJRad

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“…Many publications devoted to the assessment of occupational exposure focus on determining individual dose obtained by a single worker in relation to established dose limits [ 6 , 7 , 25 , 28 ]. The main purpose of this study was to provide quantitative data on ionizing radiation doses associated with selected nuclear medicine procedures and provide an additional method of minimizing radiological hazard than those mentioned in existing literature [ 6 , 7 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Frequency and Type of Procedures Performed in Nuclear Medicine Units on the Expected Radiological Hazard

Matusiak

Wolna

Jung

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Nuclear medicine procedures play an important role in medical diagnostics and therapy. They are related to the use of ionizing radiation, which affects the radiological exposure of all of the persons involved in their performance. The goal of the study was to estimate the doses associated with the performance of various nuclear medicine procedures in order to optimize workload management. The analysis was performed for 158 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy procedures, 24 bone scintigraphies, 9 thyroid scintigraphies (6 with use of 131I and 3 with 99mTc), 5 parathyroid glands and 5 renal scintigraphies. In this evaluation, two possible locations of thermoluminescent detectors, used for measurements, were taken into consideration: in the control room and directly next to the patient. It was shown how the radiological exposure varies depending on the performed procedure. For high activity procedures, ambient dose equivalent registered in the control room reached the level over 50% of allowed dose limit. For example, ambient dose equivalent obtained in control room when performing bone scintigraphy only was 1.13 ± 0.3 mSv. It is 68% of calculated dose limit in the examined time span. It has been shown that risk associated with nuclear medicine procedures is influenced not only by the type of procedure, but also by the frequency of their performance and compliance with the ALARA principle. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy accounted for 79% of all evaluated procedures. The use of radiation shielding reduced the obtained doses from 14.7 ± 2.1 mSv in patient’s vicinity to 1.47 ± 0.6 mSv behind the shielding. By comparing the results obtained for procedures and dose limits established by Polish Ministry of Health, it is possible to estimate what should be the optimal division of duties between staff, so that everyone receives similar doses.

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“…Each of these isotopes emits radiation at a different energy based their unique physical properties [40]. This necessitated the development of a shield fabricated from an ecofriendly, non-lead material of which the shielding performance is at least equivalent to 0.55 mmPb [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tungsten-Based Hybrid Composite Shield for Medical Radioisotope Defense

Kim

2022

Materials

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The shielding performance of shielding clothing is typically improved by increasing the shielding material content, but this lowers the tensile strength of the material. The weight and wearability of the shielding suit are also adversely affected. Important considerations when developing shielding fabric are thickness and flexibility to allow the wearer sufficient mobility. Insufficient thickness lowers the shielding performance, whereas excessive thickness decreases the flexibility of the garment. This study aimed to develop a composite shield that reproduces the shielding performance and meets the flexibility of the process technology. The new shield was manufactured by combining two layers: the shielding fabric fabricated from tungsten wire and a shielding sheet produced by mixing a polymer (PDMS) with tungsten powder. These two shields were bonded to develop a double hybrid composite. Compared with the existing shielding sheet (produced from lead equivalent of 0.55 mmPb), the shielding performance of the hybrid composite shield improved by approximately 17% on average and the tensile strength was 53% higher. The hybrid composite shield has a thickness of 1.35 ± 0.02 mm and delivers the same shielding performance as the lead equivalent. The new hybrid composite shield offers higher wearer mobility while shielding against radiation exposure in medical institutions.

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Assessment of occupational exposure and radiation risks in nuclear medicine departments

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Assessment of Patient and Staff Annual Effective Doses at a Nuclear Medicine Department during Bone Scans

Assessment of Patient and Staff Annual Effective Doses at a Nuclear Medicine Department during Bone Scans

Impact of the Frequency and Type of Procedures Performed in Nuclear Medicine Units on the Expected Radiological Hazard

Tungsten-Based Hybrid Composite Shield for Medical Radioisotope Defense

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