Characterizing the pore structures and transport properties
of
low-permeability shales is critical for evaluating these formations
as potential seals or storage sites for geological CO2 sequestration.
Here, we use low-pressure gas adsorption in conjunction with nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR) to characterize the pore-size distribution
of shales before and after injection of supercritical CO2. Nitrogen gas was used as the detecting phase for the adsorption
experiments and pentane liquid was used for the NMR experiments. We
also performed time-resolved NMR and gravimetric microbalance measurements
to observe mass transport during desaturation. We use these data to
estimate the self-diffusion coefficient of pentane and changes in
the saturation state of the pore network. We analyzed samples with
a range of compositions from the Wolfcamp shale before and after exposure
to supercritical CO2 for 3 days. Integrating the gas adsorption
and NMR data shows how supercritical CO2 injection alters
the pore-size distribution for pore sizes <1 nm to 1 mm. Our results
provide insights on how the pore structure and mass transport properties
of different shale lithologies may evolve during storage of supercritical
CO2.