Assessment of Olive Leaves Extract – Cytotoxicity in Vitro and Angiogenesis in Ovo

Borugă, Mădălina

doi:10.31925/farmacia.2021.1.5

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In terms of nicotine from electronic cigarettes, the irritation score was 9.98, and for nicotine from chewing gum, the irritation score was 2.49 (Table I). Based on the assessment of the irritation score, substances are classified into the following categories: (I) non-irritating substances with an IS ranging from 0 to 0.9, (II) irritating substances with an IS between 1 and 8.9 and (III) highly irritating substances with an IS falling within the range of 9 to 21 [6]. According to these classifications, nicotine from electronic cigarettes is considered a strong irritant, while nicotine from chewing gum is considered an irritant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative in Vitro and in Ovo Study of the Cytotoxic Profile of Nicotine From Electronic Cigarettes Versus Chewing Gum

DAN

2023

FARMACIA

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This study aimed to assess and compare the cytotoxic and vascular effects of e-liquid used in electronic cigarette (e-liquid) and nicotine containing chewing gum (NCG) using in vitro models of keratinocytes and cardiomyocytes, as well as in ovo models using the chorioallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos. In the in vitro experiments, both cell lines were exposed to e-liquid and NCG at similar and relevant concentrations for in vivo administration. The results demonstrated that e-liquid exerted a more pronounced cytotoxic impact when compared to NCG. E-liquid caused a significant decrease in cell viability (up to about 46%) and induced substantial alterations in cellular morphology and nuclei. This finding implies an elevated risk linked to the use of electronic cigarettes, emphasizing that the cumulative content of harmful substances in these devices, beyond nicotine, contributes to their potential adverse effects. Additionally, in the in ovo evaluation, e-liquid revealed alarming signs of vascular irritation, including haemorrhage, lysis and intravascular coagulation within the chorioallantoic membrane. These findings underscore the vascular and skin health risks associated with e-liquid, prompting a need for comprehensive investigation into the long-term consequences for users. As a conclusion, the study outcomes highlight that, in vitro, the e-liquid used in electronic cigarette exerts heightened toxic effects on both keratinocytes and cardiomyocytes in comparison to the impact observed with nicotine containing chewing gum. RezumatPrezentul studiu și-a propus să evalueze și să compare efectele citotoxice și vasculare ale e-lichidului utilizat în țigări electronice (e-lichid) și guma de mestecat care conține nicotină (NCG) utilizând modele in vitro de keratinocite și cardiomiocite, precum și modele in ovo folosind membrana corioalantoică a embrionilor de pui. În experimentele in vitro, ambele linii celulare au fost expuse la e-lichid și NCG la concentrații similare și relevante pentru administrarea in vivo. Rezultatele au demonstrat că e-lichidul a exercitat un impact citotoxic mai pronunțat în comparație cu NCG. E-lichidul a provocat o scădere semnificativă a viabilității celulare (până la aproximativ 46%) și a indus modificări substanțiale în morfologia și nucleii celulelor. Această constatare indică un risc crescut asociat utilizării țigărilor electronice, evidențiind conținutul cumulativ de substanțe nocive din aceste dispozitive, nu doar de nicotină, care contribuie la potențialele lor efecte adverse. În plus, în evaluarea in ovo, e-liquid a indus semne alarmante de iritație vasculară, inclusiv hemoragie, liză și coagulare intravasculară în membrana corioalantoidiană. Aceste constatări subliniază riscurile pentru sănătatea vasculară și a pielii asociate cu lichidul din țigările electronice, accentuând necesitatea unei investigații ample a consecințelor pe termen lung pentru utilizatori. În concluzie, rezultatele studiului evidențiază că, in vitro, lichidul provenit de la țigările electronice exe...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative in Vitro and in Ovo Study of the Cytotoxic Profile of Nicotine From Electronic Cigarettes Versus Chewing Gum

DAN

2023

FARMACIA

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“…Many studies employed chemotherapies such as Vincristine [37], cisplatin [38,39,43,49,50,53,61], 5-Fu [48], or Doxorubicin [48,56,59]. In addition, new therapies, such as plant extracts [51,55] or nanoparticles [38,49,58], have been tested. Treatments were administered directly on the tumor surface, that is, topically, in 50% of the cases (Figure 5E).…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Tumor Induction Following the Ex Ovo Method...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Tumor Induction and Evaluation of Its Treatment in the Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A Systematic Review

Mesas,

Chico,

Doello

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, generated during avian development, can be used in cancer research as an alternative in vivo model to perform tumorigenesis in ovo due to advantages such as simplicity, low cost, rapid growth, and being naturally immunodeficient. The aim of this systematic review has been to compile and analyze all studies that use the CAM assay as a tumor induction model. For that, a systematic search was carried out in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and WOS. After eliminating duplicates and following the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 74 articles were included. Of these, 62% use the in ovo technique, 13% use the ex ovo technique, 9% study the formation of metastasis, and 16% induce tumors from patient biopsies. Regarding the methodology followed, the main species used is chicken (95%), although some studies use quail eggs (4%), and one article uses ostrich eggs. Therefore, the CAM assay is a revolutionary technique that allows a simple and effective way to induce tumors, test the effectiveness of treatments, carry out metastasis studies, perform biopsy grafts of patients, and carry out personalized medicine. However, unification of the methodology used is necessary.

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“…In order to determine CCD 841 CoN, HCT 116 and HT-29 cellular viability, MTT assay was conducted at 72 h following Met treatment, according to the following protocol [2,3]. In brief, 96-well plates were seeded with 1 × 10 4 /200 µL cells/well and after reaching 90% confluence, Met test solutions were added.…”

Section: Cellular Viability Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Assessment of the Potential Cytotoxic Effect of Metformin on Colorectal Cancer Cells

APOSTU¹

2023

FARMACIA

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Metformin (Met), a biguanide molecule, is successfully used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes as the first line of therapy for many years now. Beside its antidiabetic effect exerted through the inhibition of gluconeogenesis in liver and increase of glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, it seems to possess an anticancer potential, demonstrated in breast, lung, hepatic and colorectal cancers. Colorectal cancer is responsible for 950 000 deaths just in 2020 and is considered to be one of the most prevalent types of cancer. The aim of the current study was to evaluate through a series of in vitro tests the cytotoxicity of Met in HT-29 and HCT-116, two colorectal cancer cell lines and in a healthy colon cell line, CCD-841 CoN. All three lines were stimulated with five concentrations of Met (5,10,25, 50, 75 mM) for 72 hours. Cellular viability was determined, followed by microscopical morphology analysis and immunofluorescence staining. Met has shown no cytotoxic effect towards CCD 841 CoN cells, whereas in both cancer cell lines showed a concentration-dependent decrease of viability. The morphology of the cancer cells was also changed directly proportional with the concentrations used, rounded, floating cells and decrease in confluency being observed. Moreover, Dapi staining was performed in order to spot changes at a nuclear level. After fixation and permeabilization of the cells, Dapi was added and nuclei shrinkage, intense fluorescence, condensation and fragmentation were seen. Therefore, Met exerts a selective cytotoxic effect in colon cancer cells through inducing apoptotic-like alterations. RezumatMetformin (Met), moleculă din clasa biguanidelor, este utilizat cu succes de mulți ani ca terapie de primă linie în tratamentul diabetului de tip 2. Pe lângă efectul său antidiabetic exercitat prin inhibarea gluconeogenezei în ficat și creșterea captării glucozei în țesuturile periferice, pare să posede un potențial anticancerigen, demonstrat în cancerele de sân, pulmonar, hepatic și colorectal. Cancerul colorectal este considerat responsabil pentru 950 000 de decese doar în 2020 și este considerat a fi unul dintre cele mai răspândite tipuri de cancer. Scopul studiului actual a fost de a evalua printr-o serie de teste in vitro citotoxicitatea Met în HT-29 și HCT 116, două linii celulare de cancer colorectal și într-o linie celulară de colon sănătoasă, CCD 841 CoN. Toate cele trei linii au fost stimulate cu cinci concentraţii de Met (5, 10, 25, 50, 75 mM) timp de 72 de ore. Viabilitatea celulară a fost determinată, urmată de analiza morfologică microscopică și colorarea prin imunofluorescență. Met nu a arătat niciun efect citotoxic asupra celulelor CCD 841 CoN, în timp ce în ambele linii de celule canceroase a arătat o scădere a viabilității dependentă de concentrație. Morfologia celulelor canceroase a fost, de asemenea, modificată direct proporțional cu concentrațiile utilizate, observându-se celule rotunjite, plutitoare și scăderea confluenței. Mai mult, colorația Dapi a fost realizată pentru a identifica modificăr...

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Assessment of Olive Leaves Extract – Cytotoxicity in Vitro and Angiogenesis in Ovo

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative in Vitro and in Ovo Study of the Cytotoxic Profile of Nicotine From Electronic Cigarettes Versus Chewing Gum

Comparative in Vitro and in Ovo Study of the Cytotoxic Profile of Nicotine From Electronic Cigarettes Versus Chewing Gum

Experimental Tumor Induction and Evaluation of Its Treatment in the Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Model: A Systematic Review

In Vitro Assessment of the Potential Cytotoxic Effect of Metformin on Colorectal Cancer Cells

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