Assessment of Ozone Sensitivity in Three Wheat Cultivars Using Ethylenediurea

Abstract

Three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars [HD 2987 (ozone (O3) sensitive), PBW 502 (intermediately sensitive) and Kharchiya 65 (O3 tolerant)] with known sensitivity to O3 were re-evaluated using ethylenediurea (EDU; 400 ppm) to ascertain the use of EDU in determiningO3 sensitivity under highly O3-polluted tropical environments. EDU treatment helped in improving the growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments and the antioxidative defense system of all the wheat cultivars. Under EDU treatment, PBW 502 retained more biomass, while HD 2987 showed better performance and ultimately the greatest increment in yield. Cultivar Kharchiya 65 also showed a positive response to EDU as manifested with an increase in pigment contents, total biomass and enzymatic antioxidants; however, this increment was comparatively lower compared to the other two cultivars. The results indicated that EDU did not have many physiological effects on cultivars but helped in counteracting O3 primarily by scavenging reactive oxygen species and enhancing the antioxidative defense system where superoxide dismutase emerged as the major responsive biochemical parameter against ambient O3. The observed results clearly indicated that differential O3 sensitivity in three wheat cultivars established by the previous study is in accordance with the present study using EDU as a sensitivity tool, which is an easy and efficient technology in comparison to chamber and Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiments although its mechanistic understanding needs to be further validated.

Management of Ozone Stress Through Nutrient Amendments: Role of Biomass Allocation in Sustaining Yield in Selected Maize Cultivars

“…Mean O3 concentration recorded during the experimental period was high enough to cause significant reductions in the agricultural productivity, as evident from the previous works done at the same experimental site (Ghosh et al, 2020;Yadav et al, 2019;Fatima et al, 2019;Singh et al, 2015;Tiwari et al, 2011). The average 8h (M8) O3 concentration during the present study was observed to be 50.5 ppb, with mean monthly M8 O3 concentration varying in the range of 40.17-53.97 ppb.…”

Ethylenediurea (EDU) effects on Japanese larch: an one growing season experiment with simulated regenerating communities and a four growing season application to individual saplings

“…Plants were grown under ambient O 3 throughout the 4 growing seasons, in the open-field plots explained earlier (“ Plant material preparation ” section). Exposing plants to only ambient O 3 (with no other O 3 treatment) is a common practice in the research of EDU effects on plants (Oksanen et al 2013 ; Carriero et al 2015 ; Yuan et al 2015 ; Fatima et al 2019 ; Pandey et al 2019 ). Because the ambient O 3 level in Sapporo is relatively low compared to southern areas of the Northern Hemisphere, the plants were subjected to elevated O 3 in the third (23 May to 1 October, 2016) and fourth (18 June to 1 October, 2017) growing seasons.…”

Ethylenediurea (EDU) effects on hybrid larch saplings exposed to ambient or elevated ozone over three growing seasons

“…These results also suggest that EDU mode of action against O 3 damage was rather related to biochemical processes. However, it should be noted that the mode of action of EDU appears to be not only species-specific but also cultivar-or genotypespecific (Singh et al 2015;Jiang et al 2018;Feng et al 2018;Pandey et al 2019;Fatima et al 2019).…”