Assessment of participation bias in cohort studies: systematic review and meta-regression analysis

Silva, Sérgio Henrique Almeida da; Santos, Simone C. dos; Coeli, Cláudia Medina; Carvalho, Marília Sá

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00133814

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…However, our design also had limitations. Although similar to other studies (Silva Junior et al, 2015 ), the participation rate in the current study was low, suggesting some degree of self-selection. The different profiles of participants and non-participants may have had some effect on the findings of the study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Diabetes-Related Distress and Depressive Symptoms Are Not Merely Negative over a 3-Year Period in Malaysian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Regular Primary Diabetes Care

2017

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For people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) the daily maintenance of physical and psychological health is challenging. However, the interrelatedness of these two health domains, and of diabetes-related distress (DRD) and depressive symptoms, in the Asian population is still poorly understood. DRD and depressive symptoms have important but distinct influences on diabetes self-care and disease control. Furthermore, the question of whether changes in DRD or depressive symptoms follow a more or less natural course or depend on disease and therapy-related factors is yet to be answered. The aim of this study was to identify the factors influencing changes in DRD or depressive symptoms, at a 3-year follow-up point, in Malaysian adults with T2DM who received regular primary diabetes care. Baseline data included age, sex, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, employment status, health-related quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), insulin use, diabetes-related complications and HbA1c. DRD was assessed both at baseline and after 3 years using a 17-item Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17), while depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Linear mixed models were used to examine the relationship between baseline variables and change scores in DDS-17 and PHQ-9. Almost half (336) of 700 participants completed both measurements. At follow-up, their mean (SD) age and diabetes duration were 60.6 (10.1) years and 9.8 (5.9) years, respectively, and 54.8% were women. More symptoms of depression at baseline was the only significant and independent predictor of improved DRD at 3 years (adjusted β = −0.06, p = 0.002). Similarly, worse DRD at baseline was the only significant and independent predictor of fewer depressive symptoms 3 years later (adjusted β = −0.98, p = 0.005). Thus, more “negative feelings” at baseline could be a manifestation of initial coping behaviors or a facilitator of a better psychological coaching by physicians or nurses that might be beneficial in the long term. We therefore conclude that initial negative feelings should not be seen as a necessarily adverse factor in diabetes care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Diabetes-Related Distress and Depressive Symptoms Are Not Merely Negative over a 3-Year Period in Malaysian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Regular Primary Diabetes Care

2017

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“…Individuals who dropped from the study were older and had lower educational level at baseline than those who remained. Age and level of education have been frequently found as predictors of nonparticipation in many previous cohort studies (Silva Junior, Santos, Coeli, & Carvalho, ). Fourth, as in other large general population surveys, information about deaths by suicide was not collected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Longitudinal Relationships Between Positive Affect, Loneliness, and Suicide Ideation: Age‐Specific Factors in a General Population

Bennardi

Caballero

Miret

et al. 2017

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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The aims of this study were to analyze whether positive and negative affect, social support, and loneliness are factors longitudinally related to suicide ideation in the general population in different age groups. A total of 2,392 individuals from a nationally representative sample of the Spanish general population were evaluated in 2011-2012 and in 2014-2015. After including relevant control variables in the analyses, lower positive affect was prospectively related to ideation in 18- to 59-year-old individuals, whereas feelings of loneliness were related to ideation in 60-year-and-older individuals. Social support was not associated with suicide ideation in any age group. These results are in line with the need for age-tailored suicide prevention programs. The present findings might also suggest that health care professionals should consider feelings of loneliness rather than social support to assess the presence of suicide ideation in older people.

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“…Therefore, we anticipate no changes in our results had the same measurement been available at both time-points. However, CES-D and K10 are based on self-reported information that comes with measuring errors and information bias (Silva Junior et al ., 2015 ). Finally, in our study, only information on seeing an MHCP in the past month for their feelings was available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Undiagnosed depression, persistent depressive symptoms and seeking mental health care: analysis of immigrant and non-immigrant participants of the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging

Farid

Costa

et al. 2020

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Early diagnosis and treatment of depression are associated with better prognosis. We used baseline data of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (2012–2015; ages 45–85 years) to examine differences in prevalence and predictors of undiagnosed depression (UD) between immigrants and non-immigrants at baseline and persistent and/or emerging depressive symptoms (DS) 18 months later. At this second time point, we also examined if a mental health care professional (MHCP) had been consulted. Methods We excluded individuals with any prior mood disorder and/or current anti-depressive medication use at baseline. UD was defined as the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression 10 score ⩾10. DS at 18 months were defined as Kessler 10 score ⩾19. The associations of interest were examined in multivariate logistic regression models. Results Our study included 4382 immigrants and 18 620 non-immigrants. The mean age (standard deviation) in immigrants was 63 (10.3) years v. 65 (10.7) years in non-immigrants and 52.1% v. 57.1% were male. Among immigrants, 12.2% had UD at baseline of whom 34.2% had persistent DS 18 months later v. 10.6% and 31.4%, respectively, among non-immigrants. Female immigrants were more likely to have UD than female non-immigrants (odds ratio 1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.25–1.80) but no difference observed for men. The risk of persistent DS and consulting an MHCP at 18 months did not differ between immigrants and non-immigrants. Conclusions Female immigrants may particularly benefit from depression screening. Seeking mental health care in the context of DS should be encouraged.

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Assessment of participation bias in cohort studies: systematic review and meta-regression analysis

Abstract: The proportion of non-participation

Cited by 23 publications

References 68 publications

Diabetes-Related Distress and Depressive Symptoms Are Not Merely Negative over a 3-Year Period in Malaysian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Regular Primary Diabetes Care

Diabetes-Related Distress and Depressive Symptoms Are Not Merely Negative over a 3-Year Period in Malaysian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Regular Primary Diabetes Care

Longitudinal Relationships Between Positive Affect, Loneliness, and Suicide Ideation: Age‐Specific Factors in a General Population

Undiagnosed depression, persistent depressive symptoms and seeking mental health care: analysis of immigrant and non-immigrant participants of the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging

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