Assessment of periodontal status in adults with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic disorders known to exhibit a myriad of complications over a period of time. Periodontal disease is the sixth most common complication in diabetic patients. The aim of the study was to assess the periodontal status of adult diabetic patients.Methods: 100 diabetic patients in the age group of 25-80 years fulfilling the inclusion criteria were examined by a calibrated WHO CPI probe to assess their periodontal status as per the scoring criteria of the community periodontal index. Student t test, Chi square test and ANOVA F were applied for statistical analysis. p>0.05 was considered not significant and p<0.01 was considered highly significant.Results: A prevalence of 73% periodontitis was found in diabetic study population with statistically high significance (p=0.001) found according to age. A total of 52% Shallow pockets and 15% Deep pockets were reported respectively in middle (41-56 years) and older (57-80 years) age groups. Further, 47% male population was found to have statistically significant (p=0.027) more periodontitis (shallow and deep periodontal pockets) compared to female (26%) population.Conclusions: Within limitations of the study it may be safely concluded that assessment of periodontal status of DM patients revealed chronic periodontal destruction particularly in age groups beyond 40 years in majority of study population depicting that age is significantly associated with the increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes.

The Prevalence of Periodontal disease by Community Periodontal Index in type II-diabetic and non-diabetic patients

“…This study investigated periodontal disease status by measuring the CPI score in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients. According to systemic surveys an increase in the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease was observed in people with diabetes mellitus 4,17 .…”

“…According to previous studies, the periodontal disease was more prevalent in diabetic patients than the non-diabetic patients 4,17 . In another study lower levels of oral hygiene, more absent sextants and less sextants with periodontal health were found in diabetic patients than non-diabetic patients 5 .…”