Assessment of Peste des petits ruminants antibodies in vaccinated pregnant Kano brown does from Nigeria and subsequent maternal immunity in their kids

Markus, Talatu Patience; Adamu, Jibril; Kazeem, H. M.; Olaolu, Olushola Samuel; Woma, Timothy Yusufu

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.03.009

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Nevertheless, a six age group model ( Figure S1, Tables S5-S7) and five age group model ( Figure S2, Tables S8-S10) were explored, but neither were selected as the best fitting model among the nested models. FOI differences between these two models may be due to (i) age misclassification among the youngest age group (i.e., they were younger than assessed) or (ii) extended maternal immunity beyond the average weaning age (sheep and goats: 5 months [38], cattle: 7 months [36]) due to prolonged weaning or a differential length of maternal immunity provided by naturally infected mothers (expected in our sample) versus vaccinated mothers [13,14,42]. Future experiments are needed to clarify the role of immunity type and breed on maternal immunity duration as well as to examine PPRV transmissibility to young via milk [43] or reproductive tract secretions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Age Cohorts Responsible for Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Transmission among Sheep, Goats, and Cattle in Northern Tanzania

Herzog

Glanville

Willett

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes a contagious disease of high morbidity and mortality in global sheep and goat populations. To better control this disease and inform eradication strategies, an improved understanding of how PPRV transmission risk varies by age is needed. Our study used a piece-wise catalytic model to estimate the age-specific force of infection (FOI, per capita infection rate of susceptible hosts) among sheep, goats, and cattle from a cross-sectional serosurvey dataset collected in 2016 in Tanzania. Apparent seroprevalence increased with age, reaching 53.6%, 46.8%, and 11.6% (true seroprevalence: 52.7%, 52.8%, 39.2%) for sheep, goats, and cattle, respectively. Seroprevalence was significantly higher among pastoral animals than agropastoral animals across all ages, with pastoral sheep and goat seroprevalence approaching 70% and 80%, respectively, suggesting pastoral endemicity. The best fitting piece-wise catalytic models merged age groups: two for sheep, three for goats, and four for cattle. The signal of these age heterogeneities were weak, except for a significant FOI peak among 2.5-3.5-year-old pastoral cattle. The subtle age-specific heterogeneities identified in this study suggest that targeting control efforts by age may not be as effective as targeting by other risk factors, such as production system type. Further research should investigate how specific husbandry practices affect PPRV transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Age Cohorts Responsible for Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Transmission among Sheep, Goats, and Cattle in Northern Tanzania

Herzog

Glanville

Willett

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…FOI differences between these two models may be due to i) age misclassification among the youngest age group (i.e. they were younger than assessed) or ii) extended maternal immunity beyond the average weaning age (sheep and goats: 5 months [26], cattle: 7 months [24]) due to prolonged weaning or a differential length of maternal immunity provided by naturally infected mothers (expected in our sample) versus vaccinated mothers [13,14,35]. Future experiments are needed to clarify the role of immunity type and breed on maternal immunity duration as well as to examine PPRV transmissibility to young via milk [36] or reproductive tract secretions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying age cohorts responsible forPeste des petits ruminantsvirus transmission among sheep, goats, and cattle in northern Tanzania

Herzog

Glanville

Willett

et al. 2019

Preprint

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26Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes a contagious disease of high morbidity and 27 mortality in global sheep and goat populations and leads to approximately $2 billion USD in 28 global annual losses. PPRV is currently targeted by the Food and Agricultural Organization and 29 World Animal Health Organization for global eradication by 2030. To better control this disease 30 and inform eradication strategies, an improved understanding of how PPRV risk varies by age is 31 needed. Our study used a piece-wise catalytic model to estimate the age-specific force of 32 infection (FOI, per capita infection rate of susceptible hosts) among sheep, goats, and cattle from 33 a cross-sectional serosurvey dataset collected in 2016 in Tanzania. Apparent seroprevalence rose 34with age, as would be expected if PPRV is a fully-immunizing infection, reaching 53.6%, 46.8%, 35 and 11.6% (true seroprevalence: 52.7%, 52.8%, 39.2%) for sheep, goats, and cattle, respectively. 36 Seroprevalence was significantly higher among pastoral animals than agropastoral animals 37 across all ages, with pastoral sheep and goat seroprevalence approaching 70% and 80%, 38 respectively, suggesting endemicity in pastoral settings. The best fitting piece-wise catalytic 39 models included merged age groups: two age groups for sheep, three age groups for goats, and 40 four age groups for cattle. However, the signal of these age heterogeneities was weak, with 41 overlapping confidence intervals around force of infection estimates from most models with the 42 exception of a significant FOI peak among 2.5-3.5 year old pastoral cattle. Pastoral animals had a 43 higher force of infection overall, and across a wider range of ages than agropastoral animals. The 44 subtle age-specific force of infection heterogeneities identified in this study among sheep, goats, 45 and cattle suggest that targeting control efforts by age may not be as effective as targeting by 46 other risk factors, such as management system type. Further research should investigate how 47 3 48 Author Summary 49Age differences in transmission are important for many infections, and can help target control 50 programs. We used an age-structured serosurvey of Tanzanian sheep, goats, and cattle to explore 51 peste des petits ruminants virus transmission. We estimated rate at which susceptibles acquire 52 infection (force of infection) to determine which age group(s) had the highest transmission rates. 53 We hypothesized that an age-varying model with multiple age groups would better fit the data 54 than an age constant model and that the highest transmission rates would appear in the youngest 55 age groups. Furthermore, we hypothesized evidence of immunity would increase with age. The 56 data supported our hypothesis at the species level and the best fitting models merged age groups: 57 two, three, and four age group models were best for sheep, goats, and cattle, respectively. The 58 highest rates occurred among younger age groups and evidence of immunity rose with age for all 59 s...

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“…In the study of Markus et al (2019), the PPR vaccine (attenuated live Nigerian 75.1 strain) was administered to brown Kano goats in the third trimester of pregnancy. The susceptibility window of the goat kids started at 42 days old and reached 100% at the age of 84 days (Markus et al, 2019). The results of this study are consistent with the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study was performed in a closed farm with 1500 Saanen goats during period from July 2021 to July 2022. The sample size was determined based on previous studies (Balamurugan et al., 2012 ; Kazeem et al., 2021 ; Markus et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the 100th day after birth, all the goat kids had negative serum VN ability. The average serum VN ability of the studied kids reached below the cut-off at the age of 70-100 days after birth.In the agreement of WOAH (The World Organisation for Animal Health) and FAO (The Food and Agriculture Organization) in the field of global eradication of PPR, the age of vaccination of goat kids is considered to be three months and above(Markus et al, 2019). This studyTA B L E 1 Virus neutralisation index (VN 50 ) in mothers and kids participating in the study (Mean ± SD).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Determining the decreasing trend of maternal immunity against small ruminant morbillivirus in goat kids

Abdollahi

Lotfi

Lotfollahzadeh

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: Small ruminant morbillivirus (SRMV) is the etiological agent of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) disease. PPR is one of the most important viral diseases of small ruminant husbandry. In the endemic countries, vaccination is the main way to control this disease. Administering the first PPR vaccine in goat kids requires decreased maternal immunity. Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the decreasing trend of maternal immunity against SRMV in goat kids born from vaccinated goats.Methods: Twenty Saanen goat kids were studied in two groups including control (n = 5, receiving colostrum from unvaccinated goats) and treatment (n = 15, receiving colostrum from vaccinated goats). Virus neutralisation (VN) test was used to evaluate serum specific antibodies against SRMV in goat kids from birth to 100 days of age. Results:The first goat kid (n = 1) in the treatment group was seronegative at the age of 28 days. All the goat kids were seronegative at the age of 100 days. The average serum titre of the goat kids at the age of 70-100 days became negative.Conclusions: Some goat kids became seronegative before reaching the age of receiving the first PPR vaccine. The age of 70-100 days could be a good age range to give the first dose of PPR vaccine to the goat kids, but more studies were needed on the effectiveness of this vaccine at this age range.

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Assessment of Peste des petits ruminants antibodies in vaccinated pregnant Kano brown does from Nigeria and subsequent maternal immunity in their kids

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Identifying Age Cohorts Responsible for Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Transmission among Sheep, Goats, and Cattle in Northern Tanzania

Identifying Age Cohorts Responsible for Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Transmission among Sheep, Goats, and Cattle in Northern Tanzania

Identifying age cohorts responsible forPeste des petits ruminantsvirus transmission among sheep, goats, and cattle in northern Tanzania

Determining the decreasing trend of maternal immunity against small ruminant morbillivirus in goat kids

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