Assessment of PIV-based unsteady load determination of an airfoil with actuated flap

Computational aeroelastic analysis of a hovering W3 Sokol blade with gurney flap

“…This is in contrast to integrated trailing edge flaps that are well-studied using CFD and wind tunnels. For such flaps, in addition to integrated loads, flow fields are also available from techniques like particle image velocimetry (PIV) for fixed and actuated configurations, as reported by Sterenborg et al (2014). There is, however, an experimental and computational study of the aeromechanics of a Sikorsky demonstration rotor by Lorber et al (2012) that examined the effect of an active flap.…”

Load-estimation techniques for unsteady incompressible flows

“…Needless to say, the elegance of this particular formulation, since used in Ferreira et al (2011), Sterenborg et al (2013, Ringuette (2013), andDeVoria et al (2014), allows for efficient force extraction without need for pressure estimates nor measurements near the body's surface. However, from Eq.…”

PIV-based estimation of unsteady loads on a flat plate at high angle of attack using momentum equation approaches

“…A sinusoidal pitching motion = + Δ sin (2 ft) is imposed, with a mean angle of attack = 0 • and an amplitude Δ = 30 • . The reduced frequency k = fc∕U ∞ is 0.2 corresponding to the maximal reduced frequency studied by Sterenborg et al (2014). Three pivot axes are considered: at mid-chord and at the leading and trailing edges.…”

“…These formulations were used by Tan et al (2005) to compute the instantaneous forces on a cylinder. More recently, Sterenborg et al (2014) used the same methodology to estimate the unsteady loads on an airfoil with an actuated flap.…”