Assessment of Postoperative Pain in Cats After Ovariectomy by Laparoscopy, Median Celiotomy, or Flank Laparotomy

Abstract

Laparoscopic ovariectomy, although slower, appeared less painful compared with conventional ventral midline and flank ovariectomy. Postoperative pain did not differ significantly between midline and flank groups.

Effect of the ketoprofen on the preemptive analgesia in female cats undergoing to ovariohysterectomy

“…(4) When the evaluator approaches -it vocalizes and/or tries to bite 2. Touching of abdomen and flank (0) Lack of abdominal tension or no alteration in relation to response from the animal to pre-procedure touching of abdomen and flank (1) Presence of abdominal tension, it may vocalizes or tries to bite when abdomen and/or flank are touched (2) when evaluator approaches -it vocalizes and or tries to bite Factor 2: (total of 6 points) measurements did not seem to be reliable discriminators for the evaluation of postoperative pain, as reported in the study by Gauthier et al (2014) who state that physiological variables are not sound indicators of pain in cats since they are strongly influenced by other factors. In the study reported in this paper, it was observed that hypoglycemia occurred in both groups (Table 1) (Faria, 2009) at almost all times.…”

Evaluation of a laparoscopically assisted ovariectomy technique in cats

“…We compared this technique with OO because it is a very common procedure performed in North America for sterilizing female cats . Surgical times were longer for the laparoscopically assisted technique, which has been found in previous reports for laparoscopic sterilization in cats . This technique was the first laparoscopic procedure learned by the resident surgeon, and we believe it is a technique that could be easily used in both referral and general practices.…”

“…However, we must consider the possibility that the slightly higher heart rates of the group A and group B cats were subtle indicators of greater discomfort because penetration of the body wall musculature occurred in both group A and group B cats and may have been a source of added discomfort. Published reports comparing postoperative discomfort after flank and midline incisions for performing feline gonadectomy show conflicting results …”

“…Feline female ovariectomy is frequently performed and, although minimally invasive surgery is increasingly prevalent in veterinary medicine, few detailed studies exist. Laparoscopic ovariectomy with various techniques has been described in cats . Studies comparing laparoscopic with open techniques for neutering female dogs and cats have shown less postoperative pain with laparoscopic techniques .…”

Comparison of medetomidine—morphine and medetomidine—methadone for sedation, isoflurane requirement and postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing laparoscopy

“…Pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide was established through the laparoscope portal using a modified Hasson technique (Gauthier et al 2014). A subumbilical location through a 5-6 mm midline skin incision, using a 6.5 cm long, 6 mm trocarless threaded cannula (Ternamian Endotip; Karl Storz Veterinary Endoscopy, France), was employed to establish the camera portal.…”