Assessment of potential benefits of traffic and urban mobility reductions during COVID-19 lockdowns: dose-response calculations for material corrosions on built cultural heritage

Broomandi, Parya; Tleuken, Aidana; Zhaxylykov, Shaikhislam; Nikfal, Amirhossein; Kim, Jong Ryeol; Karaca, Ferhat

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-16078-5

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…These results align with earlier studies that reported a decrease in particulate matter during COVID-19 lockdowns (Conticini et al 2020;Tobias et al 2020;Wang et al 2020). However, studies on ozone and nitrogen dioxide yield mixed results, with some observing an increase in ozone during the lockdown period (Broomandi et al 2021;Tobias et al 2020), while others report a decrease (Conticini et al 2020;Wang et al 2020). These findings are consistent with prior research on air quality changes during COVID-19 lockdowns (Bao and Zhang, 2020).…”

Section: Figure 1 Significant Differences In Pollutants Concentration...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Quality: A Multinational Study of SARS-CoV-2 Hotspots

Boudia

2024

Preprint

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In response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, nations implemented lockdown measures to contain the virus. This study assessed air pollution levels during and after lockdowns, focusing on heavily affected locations: Oulu and Helsinki in Finland, Paris in France, Madrid in Spain, Milan in Italy, and Wuhan in China. Air Quality Index (AQI) data from these areas over two years were analyzed to understand lockdown effects. COVID-19 lockdowns in six cities were compared with SARS-CoV-2 measures using statistical methods. Pollutant Outdoor variations were evaluated via tests, showing significant differences. Parametric analyses and regression studied lockdown impacts on pollution and relationships. The study comprehensively analyzed COVID-19 lockdowns' effects on air quality, identifying differences, quantifying changes, and exploring patterns in Oulu and Helsinki. Pollutant correlations varied among cities during lockdowns. Regression analysis highlighted independent variables' impact on pollutants. Decreases in NO2 were seen in Helsinki, Madrid, Oulu, Paris, and Milan, reflecting reduced traffic and industry. PM2.5 and PM10 reductions occurred in these cities and also Wuhan, except for O3 levels which increased. Reduced human activities improved air quality, especially for NO2 and PM10. Regional variations necessitate tailored interventions. We observed that during the COVID-19 lockdowns, there was a substantial decrease in both PM2.5 and NO2 levels, indicating a direct correlation between reduced human activities, such as transportation and industrial operations, and improved air quality. This underscores the potential impact of environmental measures and suggests the need for sustainable practices to mitigate urban pollution.

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Section: Figure 1 Significant Differences In Pollutants Concentration...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Quality: A Multinational Study of SARS-CoV-2 Hotspots

Boudia

2024

Preprint

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“…There was a benefit, however, on wear and tear by the reduction in visitor volumes [27] and of air pollution which causes substantial deterioration on building materials such as stone, metal, glass and concrete [71]. Reduced air, land, and sea pollution, including 'human-generated sounds.…”

Section: Impact On Buildings and Collectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“….as a seismically detectable reduction in ground vibration' [25] (p. 267). In 24 cities studied around the world, there was significant reduction in pollutants (PM10, NO 2 , and SO 2 ) [71]. In Egypt, greenhouse gas emission reduced by 30-40% alongside reduction in air and water pollution ((Mostafa et al, 2021) in [72]).…”

Section: Impact On Buildings and Collectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Long-COVID Impact on Heritage Organisations

Volanakis,

Seymour,

Fouseki

2024

Heritage

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The aim of this paper is to understand the long-COVID impact on cultural heritage organisations, and future research needed. COVID-19 was disruptive to cultural heritage socioeconomic activities across the world during 2020 and 2021. Whilst government intervention and changes from physical to digital engagement generally prevailed, the long-COVID impact on cultural heritage organisations, their people and users, buildings, and collections remains unknown. The extent, also, to which financing, curating, visiting, and volunteering patterns have changed is uncertain. Following the pandemic closures and associated support, cultural heritage organisations are facing continuing economic, social, political, environmental, technological, and organisational culture pressures. This research examines the existing academic literature, sector publications, annual reports and associated visitor information to understand whether cultural heritage organisations have long-COVID, whether they can survive another pandemic, and what further research is needed to be better prepared. Four case studies from the UK look at the visitor and financial impacts of COVID-19 on the British Library, the London Transport Museum, The Theatre Royal Drury Lane, and Kensington Palace. This paper contributes to heritage research by providing a deeper understanding of the impact that COVID-19 had on heritage, and how to proactively plan for similar future disruptions. The impact themes show that change did not result in a new normal but in the need for a new space, consisting of blended space (physical and digital), mixed space (indoors and outdoors), and community of practice space (isolated or cross-sector networking space). The literature highlights the significance of the sector coming together during the pandemic to share knowledge and provide support through its networks. It also highlights how important it is for such unity not to be lost but to be harnessed to support ongoing organisational sustainability and better preparedness for future crises. Finally, future research suggestions are proposed grouped into social, digital, financial, and operational research themes.

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“…Air quality worsens as people move from their residences to their destinations such as places of work, recreation centers, and grocery shops and becomes better as movement lessens. Indeed, air quality improved during COVID-19 lockdowns around the world (Sannigrahi et al 2021 ; Yechezkel et al 2021 ; Wijnands et al 2022 ; Naseer et al 2022 ; Benchrif et al 2021 ; Mishra et al 2021 ; Broomandi et al 2022 ; Arora et al 2020 ; Li et al 2022 ; Khan et al 2021 ; Nicolini et al 2022 ; Marinello et al 2021 ; Bar et al 2021 ), with most gains in air quality lost when the lockdowns were lifted, indicating that air quality could depict mobility patterns of individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution and mobility patterns in two Ugandan cities during COVID-19 mobility restrictions suggest the validity of air quality data as a measure for human mobility

Galiwango

Bainomugisha

Kivunike

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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We explored the viability of using air quality as an alternative to aggregated location data from mobile phones in the two most populated cities in Uganda. We accessed air quality and Google mobility data collected from 15th February 2020 to 10th June 2021 and augmented them with mobility restrictions implemented during the COVID-19 lockdown. We determined whether air quality data depicted similar patterns to mobility data before, during, and after the lockdown and determined associations between air quality and mobility by computing Pearson correlation coefficients ($$R$$ R ), conducting multivariable regression with associated confidence intervals (CIs), and visualized the relationships using scatter plots. Residential mobility increased with the stringency of restrictions while both non-residential mobility and air pollution decreased with the stringency of restrictions. In Kampala, PM2.5 was positively correlated with non-residential mobility and negatively correlated with residential mobility. Only correlations between PM2.5 and movement in work and residential places were statistically significant in Wakiso. After controlling for stringency in restrictions, air quality in Kampala was independently correlated with movement in retail and recreation (− 0.55; 95% CI = − 1.01– − 0.10), parks (0.29; 95% CI = 0.03–0.54), transit stations (0.29; 95% CI = 0.16–0.42), work (− 0.25; 95% CI = − 0.43– − 0.08), and residential places (− 1.02; 95% CI = − 1.4– − 0.64). For Wakiso, only the correlation between air quality and residential mobility was statistically significant (− 0.99; 95% CI = − 1.34– − 0.65). These findings suggest that air quality is linked to mobility and thus could be used by public health programs in monitoring movement patterns and the spread of infectious diseases without compromising on individuals’ privacy.

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Assessment of potential benefits of traffic and urban mobility reductions during COVID-19 lockdowns: dose-response calculations for material corrosions on built cultural heritage

Cited by 8 publications

References 65 publications

Comparative Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Quality: A Multinational Study of SARS-CoV-2 Hotspots

Comparative Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Quality: A Multinational Study of SARS-CoV-2 Hotspots

Assessing the Long-COVID Impact on Heritage Organisations

Air pollution and mobility patterns in two Ugandan cities during COVID-19 mobility restrictions suggest the validity of air quality data as a measure for human mobility

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