Assessment of Pulmonary Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study.

Kapoor, Dhiraj; Kumar, Pankaj; Ranjan, Asha; Dogra, Varun Deep; Bansal, Rekha; Sharma, KK; Kumar, Dinesh

doi:10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20150137

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A consistent finding was reported by several other investigators as well. 6,9,31 Whereas, Dulal in a similar study reported an orthodox finding. 29 The serum hemoglobin level was significantly lower in diabetic patients compared to that in non-diabetic subjects, which is consistent with the findings of other similar studies.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 89%

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Iron Status in Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Its Association with Their Glycemic Status

Chowdhury,

Begum,

Chowdhury

et al. 2024

Ibrahim card. med. j.

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Background & objective: Alteration in iron metabolism may occur in diabetic patients especially those who have poor glycemic control. Serum iron is involved in free radical formation associated with hyperglycemia and causes diabetic complications. The present study was undertaken to observe the iron status and its relation with glycemic control in male type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC), Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 48 diagnosed male type 2 diabetic patients (cases) were recruited from the Out-patient Department (OPD) of Endocrinology based on predefined eligibility criteria. Of them, 24 had good glycemic control (HbA1c level < 7%) (Group B1) and 24 had poor glycemic control (HbA1c level ≥ 7%) (Group B2). To compare the outcome (serum iron status) of these diabetic patients, another 48 age- and BMI-matched healthy non-diabetic male subjects were selected from personal contact as control. While diabetes and glycemic status (fasting blood glucose level, and HbA1c) of the diabetic patients were exposure variables, serum iron, serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation, and serum ferritin were the outcome variables. Results: The mean age of the subjects of either study group was around 43 and there was no significant difference between the groups concerning age (p = 0.610). The distribution of BMI and serum creatinine between groups was also similar (p = 0.135 and p = 0.134 respectively). The cases had a significantly higher level of serum iron, transferrin saturation, and an insignificantly lower total iron binding capacity (TIBC) than their non-diabetic peers (p = 0.045, p = 0.036, and p = 0.061 respectively). A comparison of outcome variables among the three groups shows that the groups were significantly heterogeneous in terms of serum iron, TIBC, transferrin saturation, haemoglobin level (p = 0.032, p = 0.012, p = 0.008 and p = 0.018 respectively). The associations were more conspicuous in patients with poor glycemic status. Correlation analyses revealed that while there was a significant linear correlation between serum iron and HbA1c (r = + 0.376, p < 0.01), it was negatively correlated with serum TIBC (r = -0.478, p < 0.001). The glycemic status (HbA1c) was also found to be linearly correlated with serum ferritin and transferrin saturation (r = + 0.354, p = 0.013 and r = + 0.462, p < 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: The study concluded that type 2 diabetic patients have a significantly higher level of serum iron, transferrin saturation, and a lower total iron binding capacity (TIBC) than the non-diabetic healthy subjects, all of which may lead to reduced synthesis of hemoglobin. The compromised iron metabolism is even more evident as the hyperglycemia aggravates. Ibrahim Card Med J 2023; 13 (1&2): 32-39

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Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 89%

“…A similar finding was reported by some other researchers in patients with type 2 diabetes. 6,[29][30][31] On the contrary, Okonkwo and Okoye 9 found significantly higher serum TIBC levels in diabetic…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Status in Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Its Association with Their Glycemic Status

Chowdhury,

Begum,

Chowdhury

et al. 2024

Ibrahim card. med. j.

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“…Occupational factors also plays a contributing role, males are much more likely to be exposed to toxic fumes and dust due to employment in industrial areas. After laboratory investigation it has been noticed that DM was the most frequent among all comorbidities associated with COPD representing 42.50% (n=51) of all cases which is higher than the number of patients with both conditions detected at the Italian College of General Practitioners which was fluctuating around 30% of patients 18 .This can indicate a pathophysiological correlations between both diseases, which can be linked to severe persistent hyperglycemia associated with poor glycemic control, elevated inflammatory mediators along with exaggerated inflammatory response in the blood stream, increased oxidative stress, and disturbed glucose metabolism [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that diabetic patients have 5-6 times higher risks to acquire lower respiratory tract infections, TB, and viral infections than non-diabetic individuals [37][38] . Cross-sectional studies indicates that inflammatory response in systemic circulation did not occur in all patients with COPD but it occurred in most of COPD patients with diabetic [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] . High glucose level can also modulate bronchial tone and airways smooth muscles cells (ASM) directly by disturbing airways muscles cells molecular pathways through activating Rho/ ROCK pathways 27 , added to that the diabetic neuropathy that can be associated with malfunction of respiratory system due to its effect on respiratory muscles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of United Kingdom showed that patients with glucose level higher than 75g in glucose tolerance test showed less endurance to physical activity and lower FEV1/FVC in general [31][32] . It has recently been shown that hyperglycemia cause deterioration in clinical condition of patients with COPD, and respiratory function of these type-II diabetic patients can be improved if diabetes is controlled using insulin sensitizers [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] . And that opens the door for investigating other classes of medications that can be helpful to control inflammatory and immune responses like Phospho-Diesterase4 (PDE4) selective inhibiters to reduce chronic inflammation of respiratory diseases like COPD, by blocking PDE4 the amount of cAMP metabolism will be decreased and that will prevent the release of inflammatory signaling mediators like Cytokine which will reduce the amount Reactive Oxygen species (ROS) produced 40 .…”

Section: Figure I: the Correlation Between Dm And Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathophysiological Correlation between Diabetes Mellitus Type-II and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

Bitar¹,

Ghoto²,

Dayo³

et al. 2017

J Liaquat Uni Med Health Sci

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INTRODUCTION: Diabetes Mellitus, a chronic disease is usually associated and linked to many other conditions and complications. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD); a life threatening progressive inflammatory lung disease associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema; when associated with Diabetes Mellitus generates a huge burden on patients quality of life as well as on health care systems. OBJECTIVE: Although link between DM and COPD is not scientifically established or confirmed yet, however evidence suggest a pathophysiological correlation between both conditions might be present. This study focuses upon impact of DM on the onset of COPD and to find if there is any evidence of the suggested pathophysiological correlation. METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively analyzed 120 cases of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), data collected from General Medical Units and Pulmonary Ward of Liaquat University Teaching Hospital, Jamshoro / Hyderabad from January till June, 2016. RESULTS: The majority of cases with COPD were male representing 81.6% of the sample population, almost 90% of patients were smokers or ex-smokers, 42.50% of COPD patients were suffering from DM and 76.47% were either non-compliant or had a very poor control over their blood glucose level. Blood glucose levels of most of the patients was from 140 mg/dl to 500 mg/dl and 19.60% of patients reached diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) once at least. CONCLUSION: DM increases the risk for occurrence of COPD and cause rapid decline in clinical state of the patient. Unlike cardiovascular complication of diabetes in case of diabetic patients with COPD the lower the BMI the higher the risk of mortality.

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Assessment of Pulmonary Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study.

Cited by 2 publications

References 24 publications

Iron Status in Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Its Association with Their Glycemic Status

Iron Status in Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Its Association with Their Glycemic Status

Pathophysiological Correlation between Diabetes Mellitus Type-II and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

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