Assessment of reactive oxygen species generated by electronic cigarettes using acellular and cellular approaches

Zhao, Jiayuan; Zhang, Yipei; Sisler, Jennifer D.; Shaffer, Justine; Leonard, Stephen S.; Morris, Anna M.; Qian, Yong; Bello, Dhimiter; Demokritou, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.057

Cited by 89 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(78 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Evidence suggests that oxidative stress can be a mechanism for teratogenesis (Hansen, 2006) by altering cell signaling pathways and transcription factors known to regulate embryonic proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (Dennery, 2007). While the causal association between maternal smoking and embryonic oxidative stress in numerous developing organs is well established (Nguyen, Stangenberg, Chen, et al, 2015), recent evidence has emerged that e-vapor exposure of laboratory animals (Lerner et al, 2015;Zhao, Zhang, Sisler, et al, 2018) and humans (Anderson et al, 2016;Carnevale et al, 2016) also results in increased oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may thus serve as a common mechanism through which maternal conventional cigarette smoking and vaping cause adverse developmental outcomes.…”

Section: Are Ends a "Safer Alternative" To Tobacco Smoking During Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

Greene

Pisano

2019

Birth Defects Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maternal smoking during pregnancy represents a major public health concern increasing the risk for low birth weight, congenital anomalies, preterm birth, fetal mortality, and morbidity. In an effort to diminish adverse developmental effects of exposure to cigarette smoking, pregnant women, and women of reproductive age, are increasingly turning to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e‐cigarettes, as an alternative. Given that health risks associated with ENDS use during pregnancy are largely unknown, there is an acute need to determine risks vs. benefits of e‐cigarette use by pregnant women. While the most recent Surgeon General's Report on the “Health Consequences of Smoking” states that “the evidence is sufficient to infer that nicotine adversely affects maternal and fetal health during pregnancy, contributing to multiple adverse outcomes,” it remains unclear whether use of ENDS represents a “safer alternative” to tobacco smoking during pregnancy. This is due, in part, to the lack of sufficient and conclusive evidence concerning whether or not maternal e‐cigarette use adversely affects embryonic/fetal development. While several recent developmental studies have challenged the safety of nicotine inhalation via ENDS, the true risks of smoking e‐cigarettes during the first trimester of pregnancy—the period of organogenesis—are largely unknown. Moreover, evidence is emerging that even nicotine‐free e‐cigarette aerosols may harm the developing conceptus, suggesting that components of e‐cigarette liquid, including flavorings, may be developmentally toxicity. Focused human epidemiological analyses, and carefully designed animal studies are critically needed to address the question of the safety of ENDS use during pregnancy.

show abstract

Section: Are Ends a "Safer Alternative" To Tobacco Smoking During Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

Greene

Pisano

2019

Birth Defects Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As previously reported, the ability by tobacco smoke to generate ROS and to induce oxidative stress is well documented so that it is considered as a driving factor in smoking-related diseases [94,95]. Regarding e-cig, in a recent study, Zhao et al [96] performed ROS characterization of e-cig emissions using acellular and cellular approaches. Findings of this study confirm total ROS and H 2 O 2 generation in e-cig emissions that can contain a comparable level of ROS compared to tobacco cigarette.…”

Section: E-cig Smoking and Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Smoking on Oxidative Stress and Vascular Function

Carnevale¹,

Cammisotto²,

Pagano³

et al. 2018

Smoking Prevention and Cessation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tobacco smoking is the single most preventable risk factor related to the development of cardiovascular disease. It was demonstrated that tobacco smoke contains a thousand compounds potentially harmful to human health. As tobacco use declined over time, electronic cigarettes were introduced as an alternative. E-cigarettes are a modern and technological surrogate of traditional cigarettes and use heat to convert a nicotine solution or a flavored nicotine-free solution into vapor. Even though all the ingredients contained in the liquid of E-cigarettes are approved as food additives, the harmlessness of these electronic devices is still not fully proven in humans. The general mechanisms by which smoking results in cardiovascular events include the development of atherosclerotic changes with a hypercoagulable state and an increased risk of thrombosis. Endothelial dysfunction has been recognized as a hallmark of preclinical systemic atherosclerosis and as a useful marker to stratify the risk of cardiovascular disease. Based on these considerations, in this chapter, we (1) discussed the role of endothelial dysfunction and its contributing factors, such as oxidative stress and inflammation, in the development of cardiovascular diseases and (2) reported the studies which investigated the effect of tobacco and electronic smoking on the biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

show abstract

“…Moreover, E‐liquids with non‐tobacco flavouring had higher ROS than tobacco flavoured E‐liquid, indicating that the occurrence of ROS in E‐liquids is associated with the type of flavourings. The levels of ROS present in fruit‐flavoured ECVs can up to threefold higher than in tobacco‐flavoured ECV …”

Section: Effects Of E‐cigarettes In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The levels of ROS present in fruit-flavoured ECVs can up to threefold higher than in tobacco-flavoured ECV. 90 Flavouring also has an impact on inflammatory responses: For example, nicotine-free cinnamon roll-flavoured ECV induced high IL-8 secretion from human lung fibroblasts. 40 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine, an odorant compound in dark chocolate, reduced the capacity of airway epithelial cells to respond to cyclic adenosine monophosphate and exogenous ATP which are crucial factors for normal airway epithelial cell functions, like mucociliary clearance.…”

Section: The Effects Of E-liquid Constituents Other Than Nicotinementioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological and pathological effects of electronic cigarettes

Chen

Todd

Fairclough

2019

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electronic cigarettes (E‐cigarettes) are considered a preferable alternative to conventional cigarettes due to the lack of combustion and the absence of tobacco‐specific toxicants. E‐cigarettes have rapidly gained in popularity in recent years amongst both existing smokers and previous non‐smokers. However, a growing literature demonstrates that E‐cigarettes are not as safe as generally believed. Here, we discuss the immunological, and other, deleterious effects of E‐cigarettes on a variety of cell types and host defence mechanisms in humans and in murine models. We review not only the effects of complete E‐cigarette liquids, but also each of the main components—nicotine, humectants and flavourings. This MiniReview thus highlights the possible role of E‐cigarettes in the pathogenesis of disease and raises awareness of the potential harm that E‐cigarettes may cause.

show abstract

Assessment of reactive oxygen species generated by electronic cigarettes using acellular and cellular approaches

Cited by 89 publications

References 68 publications

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

Developmental toxicity of e‐cigarette aerosols

Effects of Smoking on Oxidative Stress and Vascular Function

Immunological and pathological effects of electronic cigarettes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About