Assessment of Risk Factors for Formulation of Kidney Stone among Adult Males

Abstract

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a worldwide disease leading to more than one million emergency department visits each year. The current study aimed to assess risk factors for formulation of kidney stone among adult males, through a casecontrol study which was conducted at outpatient clinics of nephrology, urology and general medicine in Nephrology and Urology, Mit-Ghamer Hospital, affiliated to Ministry of Health and Population on a convenience sample of 158 case, and 158 control. The researcher developed a structured interview to assess on socio-demographic characteristics, health status, and life style of case and control groups. Results illustrated that, case group had significant higher number of relatives with KSD (63.3%, n=100) than those in control group (17.1%, n= 27) with 2 = 70.15, P= 0.000, urinary tract infection, recurrent pelvic, and renal inflammations, and insertion of urinary catheter, were higher in case group then in control group (X 2 =55. 71, 81.99, 78.50, and 47.16, respectively and p =0.00), as well 74.1% (117) of case group was obese, compared to only 44.3%(70) of control group. We can conclude that: health status factors as well, life style factors can contribute to be risk factors of kidney stones formulation in adult males including; dietary habits and inadequate water drinking. Finally the researcher has recommended reusing awareness of public about risk factors of kidney stones, and carrying out further researches on larger sample to investigate risk factors of kidney stones among Egyptian's males.