Assessment of Selected Heavy Metals in Onion Bulb and Onion Leaf (Allium cepa L.), in Selected Areas of Central Rift Valley of Oromia Region Ethiopia

Bedassa, M; Abebaw, A; Desalegn, Temesgen

doi:10.4172/2376-0354.1000217

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Renal toxicity can result in individual exposed to cadmium [4]. The concentration of Cd (ug/g) range from 0.057 to 0.058 in the onion bulb samples, these values are higher than the range (0.002 to 0.004 mg/kg) reported by Edem et al [32] in Wheat flours in 2009, but the results are similar to the study conducted by Bedassa et al [33] that reported values of 0.05 and 0.06 mg/kg Cd for onion bulbs in Mojo and Ziwey areas of Oromia region in Ethiopia and the result for Cd concentration in cucumber from Awka, Anambra state Nigeria [30]. Likewise the Cd concentration range for the samples in this study is lower than that reported for various beans samples from Europe, Asia and parts of West Africa [25] and for the cadmium content of natural spice samples ranged from 0.45 mg/kg, in garlic, locust beans and onion and 0.3 mg/ kg in ginger, from Odo-Ori market Iwo, Nigeria [34].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…These values are also too low to provide for the Recommended Daily allowance for Fe in both adult male (10 mg/day) and female (15 mg/day) from a nutritional point of view [27]. But the result is similar to that reported for market sold beans from Katsina, Nigeria [21], but is lower to that reported in onion bulbs from Mojo and Meki areas of Oromia region, Ethiopia [33], a study in eastern Nigeria [29] and that recorded by Zahir et al, [37] in a study conducted in Pakistan and the results for the study conducted by Di Bella et al, [25] and the Fe value of 33.5 mg/kg in onion from Odo-Ori market Iwo, Nigeria reported by Olusakin et al, [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Onion Bulbs Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria

Yaradua

Alhassan

Nasir

et al. 2020

ACRI

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Vegetable fields in Katsina State are increasingly being loaded with heavy metals through various pollution sources such as agricultural activities mining and traffic. Onion bulb samples from the three senatorial zones that constitute to make up Katsina state in the North West of Nigeria were collected and the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni) in all the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The health risk assessment methods developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were employed to explore the potential health hazards of heavy metals in the samples on the children and adult population. The highest mean concentration (mg/kg) was observed for Fe, followed by Pb, Zn and Mn. While Cd has the lowest concentration with the heavy metals Cr and Ni being below detection level (BDL). Overall hazard index (Hi) for the heavy metals were within the safety limit. The overall cancer risk to the adults based on pseudo-total metal concentrations exceeded the target value, mainly contributed by Pb. Mn and Zn were the primary heavy metals posing non-cancer risks while Pb caused the greatest cancer risk. It was concluded that consumption of the onion samples from Katsina State may contribute to the population cancer burden.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Onion Bulbs Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria

Yaradua

Alhassan

Nasir

et al. 2020

ACRI

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“…Mn is essential for the normal bone structure, reproduction and normal functioning of the central nervous system. Its deficiency also causes reproductive failure in both males and females [ 24 ]. On the other hand, excess intake of Mn causes reproductive deficits, skeletal abnormalities, lethargy and mental disturbances [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in elemental composition of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with different cultivation areas of Ethiopia

Desalew,

Mehari

2023

PLoS ONE

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Variations in the elemental composition of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains, and the link with the growing soil, were investigated across the major production areas of Ethiopia (Fogera, Metema and Pawe). The elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb) were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), after digesting samples through an optimized procedure with respect to volumes of reagents (HNO3, HClO4 and H2O2), temperature and time. The accuracy of the FAAS method was in the range of 87‒113%. The most abundant element in rice was Mg (414‒561 mg kg-1) followed by Fe (49.4‒168 mg kg-1), while in soil was Fe (11674‒12917 mg kg-1) followed by Mg (619‒709 mg kg-1). Chromium, Cd and Pb were all below the limit of quantitation of the method. The concentrations of the elements, except Zn in rice and Fe in soil, varied significantly (p < 0.05) with the growing region. Notably, rice from Fogera contained more than double Fe, while from Pawe less than half Cu than from the other region. Soils from the rice fields of Pawe, generally, had lower levels of the elements than from the other regions. The order of the abundances of the elements in soil was reflected in the rice grains, except for the reversal between Fe and Mg. However, elemental concentrations were higher in soil than in rice, indicating the absence of bioaccumulation by the rice grains. Furthermore, only copper exhibited a strong positive correlation (r = 0.991) between the rice grain and soil.

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“…Heavy metals are trace metals that can be poisonous at low concentrations. They are deleterious to human health (Jaishankar et al, 2014) and usually have a density that is about five times the density of water (Bedassa et al, 2017). They are naturally present in the earth crust (Jaishankar et al, 2014) and can be released through natural weathering processes and anthropogenic activities such as mining, smelting of metal scraps, use of agrochemicals, sludge dumping, exhaust from vehicles among others (Tchounwou et al, 2012;Ogundiran and Osibanjo, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are persistent, non-biodegradable (Singh et al, 2011), and toxic as they have the potential to bio-accumulate in different organs of the body thereby causing side effects which are grossly injurious. Though heavy metals are useful industrially, the consumption of food plants (such as vegetables) grown in metal contaminated soil is a source of exposure to these toxic metals (Bedassa et al, 2017). Other sources include drinking contaminated water, dust inhalation, direct ingestion of polluted soil (Dafaelseed et al, 2007), use of contaminated irrigation water, pesticide application (Onakpa et al, 2018), and vehicle emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration and Health Risks of Selected Vegetables Sold In Jos Metropolis

Adeniyi¹,

Bayo²,

Adeniyi³

et al. 2021

AMCRCS

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This study revolved around environmental pollution caused by heavy metals and the health risks posed to humans by the consumption of contaminated vegetables commonly sold in Jos, Nigeria. Vegetables studied (Apium graveolens - Celery, Hibiscus cannabinus - kenaf, Hibiscus sabdariffa - Sorrel or Roselle, Allium fistulosum - Spring Onions leaves and bulbs, Sesamum radiatum - Sesamum leaves) were obtained from major markets within Jos metropolis. They were washed, air-dried, homogenized, and stored in air-tight bottles. Their concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Mn, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Cu), were determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and their health risks were evaluated through daily intake and hazard quotient. The vegetables analyzed gave different concentrations of heavy metals with their values falling within the FAO/WHO permissible limits. The highest concentration of Iron (0.515±0.003 mg/kg) and Cadmium (0.095±0.006 mg/kg) were found in Celery, while Kenaf had the highest copper (0.030±0.008 mg/kg) concentration. Zinc was higher in all the vegetables when compared to the other metals. The daily intake values of all the metals examined exceeded the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI) except for copper. Hazard quotient values of all the metals were less than 1 except As, Cd, and Zn which were found to be greater, thereby signifying health risk potentials of these metals. The study, therefore, revealed that consumption of these vegetables could constitute potential health hazards to the well-being of the consumers.

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Assessment of Selected Heavy Metals in Onion Bulb and Onion Leaf (Allium cepa L.), in Selected Areas of Central Rift Valley of Oromia Region Ethiopia

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Onion Bulbs Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria

Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Onion Bulbs Cultivated in Katsina State, North West Nigeria

Variations in elemental composition of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with different cultivation areas of Ethiopia

Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration and Health Risks of Selected Vegetables Sold In Jos Metropolis

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