Assessment of selected interleukins (IL-6, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23) and chemokines (RANTES, IP-10) in children with acute and chronic urticaria

Abstract

Background Urticarial lesions develop as a result of the activation of mast cells which, through the release of mediators, influence the formation of local inflammatory infiltrates. Changes in the expression of many cytokines and chemokines are observed in the course of urticaria. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and interferon (IFN)-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) in children with acute urticaria and exacerbation of chronic urticaria in comparison to healthy volunteers. Moreover, we made an attempt to identify factors associated with the acute phase of urticaria and factors predicting the course of the disease among the studied parameters. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 32 children with acute urticaria and 32 children with chronic urticaria. The control group consisted of 40 healthy children. Each patient was clinically evaluated. Serum concentrations of selected cytokines and chemokines were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Patients with acute and chronic urticaria had higher concentrations of IL-6 and IL-17A (p < 0.001) and lower concentrations of IL-18, IL-23, RANTES and IP-10 (p < 0.001) as compared to the control group. A significant association between IL-6 and IP-10 with the acute phase of urticaria has been demonstrated. There was no correlation of the studied cytokines and chemokines with disease activity. Conclusions In children with acute phase of urticaria, the cytokine serum concentration differs compared to healthy subjects. IL-6 and IP-10 seem to be useful in differentiating children with acute phase of urticaria and healthy ones. The search for factors predicting the course of the disease requires further studies.

Evaluation of IL-6 and IgE Levels in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) in Baghdad, Iraq.

“…The obtained results generally agreed with Góra et al [15]mentioned the parameters (WBC,EO,IgE,IL-6 ) higher in patient with acute and chronic urticarial than control group , as well as agreed with Jang et al [16] the serum IgE higher in the patients IgE modulates mast cell activation and releases histamine, lipid mediators, kinins, and cytokines, which contributes to the development and severity of CSU by interacting with a high-affinity IgE receptor (FcRI) found on cutaneous mast cells and basophils [17].…”

“…The findings were agreed to [15], the largest area under the curve (AUC) was found for IP-10 (AUC= 0.98; p 0.001), for which the optimal cut-off value determined by the Youden index was 55.10. The sensitivity and specificity of IP-10 as a biomarker of urticaria incidence were determined to be 92% and 100%, respectively.…”

Levels of Serum Inflammatory Cytokines and Their Correlations with Disease Severity in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

“…Thus, duration of pruritus may not be the most reliable indicator of disease progression and prognosis. Moreover, Velasco-Ortega et al (2022) (17) found a correlation between multiple in ammatory factors and CSU, and these factors are associated with different immune cells and in ammatory mediators. Therefore, the interaction of various in ammatory factors may affect the severity and development of CSU.…”

Levels of serum inflammatory cytokines and their correlations with disease severity in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

“…Thus, duration of pruritus may not be the most reliable indicator of disease progression and prognosis. Moreover, Góra et al [17] found a correlation between multiple inflammatory factors and CSU, and these factors are associated with different immune cells and inflammatory mediators. Therefore, the interaction of various inflammatory factors may affect the severity and development of CSU.…”