Assessment of serotonergic system in formation of memory and learning

Amorim, C A M; Rodrigues, G P; Pai, Janise Dal; Zambrano, Lysien I.; Filho, Euclides Maurício Trindade

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.170952

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…From here, we can postulate that the tremendous ability in learning memory of the R. amplexicaudatus is promoted by the serotonin receptor. Previous research, already mentioned on the rat models that serotonin (5-HT) receptors mediate the potentiation of CA3-to-CA1 inputs thus may regulate memory formation and Schaffer collateral excitation [4,18]. Moreover, 5-HT represents important pharmacological targets for cognition enhancement [19,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of serotonergic nerve on the hippocampus of the fruit bats (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)

et al. 2019

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Background:Rousettus amplexicaudatus is one of the old world fruit bats, commonly known in Javanese word as codot belongs to Order Chiroptera and suborder Megachiroptera. R. amplexicaudatus possessed an outstanding visual ability, which helps in the process of searching for food. Those activities process and save within the brain involving the learning and memory activities. Learning and memory activities are centered around the hippocampus with the help of serotonergic nerve.Aim:This study conducted to identify the morphology and distribution of serotonergic nerve (5-hydroxytryptamine) in the hippocampus of R. amplexicaudatus, which related to the function of serotonin within the learning and memory process.Materials and Methods:Five R. amplexicaudatus bats were brought from Gunung Kidul cave, Yogyakarta, Java Island, Indonesia. The bats were anesthetized using ketamine and xylazine. R. amplexicaudatus then perfused intracardially. The brain samples were collected processed into paraffin block, and a further cut in 8 µm thickness serially. The tissue slides were stained using hematoxylin-eosin, cresyl echt violet, and immunohistochemistry with rabbit’s anti-serotonin (1:200). The results observed and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively using image J (https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/) (Bethesda, Maryland, USA) and GraphPad Prism 7 (La Jolla, CA, USA).Results:The hippocampus of R. amplexicaudatus composed of the dentate gyrus (DG), hippocampus proper (cornu ammonis 3 [CA3], and CA1 as the main area for learning memory), and subiculum. On the DG serotonin immunoreactive cells found within the granular layer (132±35.03 cells/mm2), polymorphic stratum (86.33±11.23 cells/mm2), and molecular layer (93±1 cells/mm2). Meanwhile, on CA3 area, the immunoreactive cells for serotonin found in each stratum. The number of immunoreactive cells on each stratum from highest to the lowest are stratum pyramidal 123.33±15.88 cell/mm2, stratum molecular 63±13.11 cell/mm2, stratum lucidum 62.67±8.08 cell/mm2, stratum radiatum 55.33±510.21 cell/mm2, stratum oriens 48±3.46 cell/mm2, and stratum alveus 28.67±2,52 cell/mm2. In addition, in CA1 also hampers the immunoreactive cells in the pyramidal stratum, molecular, lucidum, oriens, radiatum, and alveus layer, respectively, of each 91±27.40 cell/mm2, 60.33±20.65 cell/mm2, 53.67±4.51 cell/mm244.33±10.40 cell/mm2, 41.33±5.51 cell/mm2, and 27±4 cell/mm2.Conclusion:Taking together the distribution of serotonin-immunoreactive cells in the hippocampus of R. amplexicaudatus mostly found on CA3 followed by CA 1 and DG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of serotonergic nerve on the hippocampus of the fruit bats (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)

et al. 2019

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Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against MDMA-induced neurotoxicity

Mustafa

Mohamad

NH.

et al. 2021

RJPT

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MDMA (3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a psychoactive substance that is associated with neurotoxicity. MDMA exposure to human results in the degeneration of neuronal cells in the hippocampus. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the potential of a natural compound known as thymoquinone (TQ) to protect against neuronal damage and memory impairment in rats stimulated by MDMA. The administration of TQ into MDMA-induced neuronal damage rats was carried out in male Sprague Dawley via a 1-week treatment dividing into four groups (n=36, 7-9 per group). The studied groups involved with the treatments comprise i) Control (1 mL/kg saline), ii) MDMA (10 mg/kg MDMA), iii) MDMA+TQ (10 mg/kg MDMA + 40 mg/kg TQ) and iv) TQ control (40 mg/kg TQ). A novel object recognition test (NORT) was carried out to evaluate the memory performance of the rats, followed by a histopathological assessment of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. The histopathology analysis revealed a significant increase in numbers of positive cells by Fluoro-Jade C following the effect of MDMA on neuronal damage (MDMA induced group) compared to control (P<0.05). Next, the TQ treatments observed in MDMA+TQ exhibited a decline in positive cells from Fluoro-Jade C. The index of recognition memory was found to be increased in MDMA+TQ compared to the MDMA alone (P<0.05). This study suggests that the neuronal damage inflicted by MDMA in a rat model has the potential to be treated by TQ.

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Assessment of serotonergic system in formation of memory and learning

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

The distribution of serotonergic nerve on the hippocampus of the fruit bats (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)

The distribution of serotonergic nerve on the hippocampus of the fruit bats (Rousettus amplexicaudatus)

Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against MDMA-induced neurotoxicity

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