Assessment of Serum Concentrations of Adropin, Afamin, and Neudesin in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Introduction The increasing knowledge of adropin, afamin, and neudesin and the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance allows for the assessment of the differences in their concentrations between the groups with varied duration of diabetes mellitus (DM). Aim of the Study Assessment of serum levels of adropin, afamin, and neudesin in children with type 1 diabetes, with respect to the disease duration. Materials and Methods The study consisted of 138 patients aged 5–18 years (M 40.58%). Children with type 1 diabetes (n = 68) were compared to the control group (n = 70). The diabetic group was divided into 4 subgroups: (I) newly diagnosed patients, after an episode of ketoacidosis (n = 14), (II) duration no longer than 5 years (n = 18), (III) 5 to 10 years (n = 27), and (IV) longer than 10 years (n = 9). Serum concentrations of adropin, afamin, and neudesin were assessed and compared between the groups of patients. The criterion for statistical significance was p < 0.05. Results The concentrations of adropin and afamin across all subgroups were lower than that in the control group, while neudesin levels were higher in diabetic patients compared to the control group. The differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Adropin, afamin, and neudesin may play a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and have a significant potential as novel biomarkers to predict future metabolic disorders. However, further multicentre studies on a larger cohort of patients are necessary to specify the role of these substances in the course and treatment of type 1 diabetes.

Adropin as A Fat-Burning Hormone with Multiple Functions—Review of a Decade of Research

“…Similarly, another study showed increased levels of adropin in kidneys and muscles in type 1 diabetic rats [29]. In contrast, a recent work found that adropin levels are downregulated in children who suffer from type 1 diabetes [30]. Therefore, studies testing the concentration of adropin in both types of diabetes provided partially contradictory data.…”

DeepGP: An Integrated Deep Learning Method for Endocrine Disease Gene Prediction Using Omics Data

“…According to the work of Ahmed et al, ADM2 is found to be preferentially up-regulated by bacteroides dorei (BD), which is a bacteria increased significantly at the time of onset of T1D. Enho is an energy homeostasis-associated gene that can produce a regulatory peptides named adropin, which has been identified to be strongly associated with type 1 diabetes in children ( Polkowska et al, 2019 ). FUT7 gene has been demonstrated to be linked with an antigen termed bile salt-dependent lipase which is reported to be associated with type 1 diabetes ( Panicot et al, 1999 ).…”

Investigating the relationship of serum levels of afamin and interleukin-10 with insulin resistance in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome

“…In our study, afamin levels were significantly higher PCOS patients with IR compared to those without. Studies have shown that increased levels of afamin have been observed in patients with oxidative stress and inflammation [12][13][14][15]. A positive correlation between these two variables could be explained with the fact that inflammation and oxidative stress are common in PCOS patients with IR.…”

“…Studies show that Afamin increase is correlated with metabolic syndrome in PCOS patients [10][11][12]. Afamin was first identified in 1994 as the fourth member of the human albumin gene family, including vitamin D binding protein, alphafetoprotein, and human serum albumin [11].…”

“…Afamin was first identified in 1994 as the fourth member of the human albumin gene family, including vitamin D binding protein, alphafetoprotein, and human serum albumin [11]. As an 87 kDa human plasma glycoprotein, afamin has 55% amino acid sequence similarity to albumin and includes 15% carbohydrate [12]. Studies have shown that elevated levels of the human afamin gene increase the body weight, glucose, and fat concentration in the bloodstream [13][14][15].…”