Assessment of sexual behavior and effect of semen collection pen design and sexual stimulation of boars on behavior and sperm output–a review

Levis, Donald G.; Reicks, Darwin

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.09.037

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Genetic suppliers at the nucleus level may test sires in short-term breeding evaluations and select sires on the basis of measures obtained in sequence for pregnancy rate; litter size; and offspring measures for survival, growth, and performance. Average sperm production ranges between 60 and 120 billion sperm per ejaculate [39,42], depending on collection interval and boar age, and resulting in 20 to 40 traditional AI doses or 40 to 60 low sperm doses [20,33]. Collection most often occurs using the gloved-hand technique [43], but new equipment for semiautomation has been developed to aid boar collection [44,45].…”

Section: Boar Stud Management For Production Of Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collection most often occurs using the gloved-hand technique [43], but new equipment for semiautomation has been developed to aid boar collection [44,45]. Certain stud design features such as placement and use of warmup pens can help improve collection time and sperm output [42]. Most AI centers have criteria for processing an ejaculate which include meeting standards for motility (70%) [40] and abnormalities (<20%) which may also include measures for total sperm, ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, agglutination, and bacterial contamination [8,43,46,47].…”

Section: Boar Stud Management For Production Of Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artificial insemination in pigs today

2016

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Section: Boar Stud Management For Production Of Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Boar Stud Management For Production Of Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial insemination in pigs today

2016

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“…A review of the literature did not reveal a standardized procedure for assessing the sexual behaviour of boars that are used for artificial insemination. In addition, knowledge of the impact of sexual behaviour on the reproductive performance of boars is significantly sparser than that of the physiological mechanism of sperm production (Levis & Reicks, 2005). Sexual behaviour of males depends on the interaction between the organism and the environment (Wysokińska & Kondracki, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in ejaculation rate and libido of boars during reproductive exploitation

Savić

Petrović

2015

SA J. An. Sci.

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The main objective of the study was to evaluate variability in the ejaculation rate and libido of boars under various genetic and non-genetic influences. A total of 7171 semen samples were collected from Swedish Landrace, Large White and Duroc boars reared under commercial production conditions. Time spent in preparing or collecting, constituted the period from the entry of boars into the room for collecting semen to onset of ejaculation. Ejaculation rate was defined as the volume of sperm extracted (mL) per unit of time (min). The index of boar libido was defined as the relationship between productive (duration of ejaculation) and unproductive (time spent in preparing to collect/jump) periods. Average values of the interval between two collections, age of boar at collection, time spent in preparing for collection, duration of ejaculation, volume of ejaculate, rate of ejaculation and libido index were: 8.83 days, 551.2 days, 3.56 min, 6.06 min, 231.9 mL, 37.67 mL/min and 1.76, respectively. Ejaculate traits and libido varied according to breed, season and collector, with the exception of seasonal variability of duration of ejaculation. The regression effect of the interval between two collections of ejaculate and age of boar at collection was not statistically significant only for duration of preparing for collection. Unlike the ejaculation rate, during the summer and autumn periods, boars exhibited weaker libido than in winter and spring. Duroc boars were inferior to the fertile breeds (Swedish Landrace and Large White) in terms of shorter duration of ejaculation, lower volume, lowest rate of ejaculation and weakest libido. Variability of rate of ejaculation and of boar libido indicates the need to include these traits in breeding programmes and the possibility of improving these traits.

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“…Similar to the housing pen, the collection pen must be safe for boars and employees and should allow fast processing of many boars [63]. Automation of the collection line allowing for almost hands free collection has been recently developed [64].…”

Section: Managing the Boar: Factors Affecting Semen Production And Qumentioning

confidence: 99%

Boar management and semen handling factors affect the quality of boar extended semen

et al. 2017

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Artificial insemination (AI) is the preferred method for reproduction in the majority of the intensive pig production systems Worldwide. To this end, fresh extended ready-to-use semen doses are either purchased from AI-centres or produced by boars kept on-farm. For profitable semen production, it is necessary to obtain a maximum amount of high quality semen from each boar. This paper reviews current knowledge on factors that may affect semen quality by influencing the boar or the semen during processing.Genetic markers could be used for early detection of boars with the highest fertility potential. Genetic selection for fast growth might jeopardize semen quality. Early detection of boars no longer fit for semen production might be possible by ultrasonography of the testes. Seasonal variation in sperm quality could be associated with changes in photoperiod and heat stress during summer. Comfortable housing, with appropiate bedding material to avoid locomotion problems is essential. In some areas, cooling systems may be necessary to avoid heat stress. The sperm quality can be manipulated by feeding strategies aiming, for instance, to increase sperm resistance to oxidative stress and extend storage duration.High collection frequency will negatively influence sperm quality. Also, if collection is not hygienically performed it will result in bacterial contamination of the semen doses. The concern over bacterial contamination has risen not only because of its negative effect on semen quality but also due to the detection of antimicrobial resistance in isolates from extended semen. Moreover, bacterial and viral pathogens must be monitored because they affect semen production and quality and constitute a risk of herd infection. During processing, boar sperm are submitted to many stress factors that can cause oxidative stress and capacitation-like changes potentially reducing their fertility potential. Dilution rate or dilution temperature affects the quality of the semen doses. Some packaging might preserve semen better than others and some plastic components might be toxic for sperm. Standard operation procedures and quality assurance systems in AI centres are needed.

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Assessment of sexual behavior and effect of semen collection pen design and sexual stimulation of boars on behavior and sperm output–a review

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Artificial insemination in pigs today

Artificial insemination in pigs today

Variability in ejaculation rate and libido of boars during reproductive exploitation

Boar management and semen handling factors affect the quality of boar extended semen

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