Assessment of skin erythema by eye, laser Doppler flowmeter, spectroradiometer, two-channel erythema meter and Minolta chroma meter

Abstract

Visual grading, a laser Doppler flowmeter, a spectroradiometer, a two-channel erythema meter and a Minolta chroma meter were compared in the measurement of erythemas arising from immediate contact reactions produced either by 250 mM benzoic acid or 10 mM methyl nicotinate in petrolatum in an open application test or by ultraviolet irradiation. A good correlation between visual grading and objectively measured values was found for all the instruments, but the laser Doppler flowmeter gave proportionally lower values for the ultraviolet erythemas than the skin reflectance meters, suggesting that these differ from erythemas induced by benzoic acid or methyl nicotinate. The laser Doppler flowmeter gave less repeatable results than other meters when measuring moderate and pronounced erythemas produced by ultraviolet irradiation. Measuring both the blood flow and the actual erythema may give more information about the reaction than either measurement system alone.

The CLASI (Cutaneous LE Disease Area and Severity Index): An outcome instrument for cutaneous lupus erythematosus

“…The clinical assessment of erythema has been compared to measurement of erythema by instruments, e.g. Doppler flowmeter, and visual assessment has been found to correspond well to the results with these "objective techniques" (Lahti, et al, 1993;Quinn, et al, 1993). …”

Redefinición del concepto y del abordaje de las lesiones por humedad: Una propuesta conceptual y metodológica para mejorar el cuidado de las lesiones cutáneas asociadas a la humedad (LESCAH)

“…(9) para medir el eritema resultante de la dermatitis por incontinencia, basándose, según los autores, en la escala Internacional de la Dermatitis de Contacto. A pesar de que la escala no tiene estudios de validación, de forma general y actualmente, se considera que las escalas visuales de clasificación utilizadas para medir la alteración de la piel sometida a irritantes son un mé-todo eficaz y práctico de evaluación frente a los distintos métodos instrumentales existentes (11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Durability of Skin Exposure Reduction Paste Against Chemical Warfare Agents (SERPACWA) When Worn Under Protective Clothing

“…After the set wear time for that test, SERPACWA was applied to the untreated site (either 3 or 4) of the SERPACWA treated arm. The Mnic challenge was applied at the set time (8,12,16, or 24 h) to all contra-lateral pair sites except for either 1 and 5, or 2 and 6, which was randomly selected. The unchallenged sites were the control sites to ascertain differences in blood flow over time.…”