Assessment of sleep quality and its predictors among patients with diabetes in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

BackgroundPoor sleep quality is common among patients with diabetes. It is associated with negative physical, psychological, and functional consequences. However, the implicated risk factors of poor sleep quality remain uncertain.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality among patients with diabetes and to investigate the factors associated with the poor sleep quality.Patients and methodsAn analytical cross-sectional study of 307 diabetic patients in Jazan, Saudi Arabia was conducted in 2018. A multistage cluster random sampling was used to select the study participants. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data on patient’s characteristics were gathered via patients’ interviews, and medical data were collected based on the patients’ files. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of poor sleep quality.ResultsThe mean score of PSQI was 5.29±2.73. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 55.4% (95% CI 49.7–60.8). Sociodemographic and clinical factors were significantly associated with poor sleep quality, such as being elderly, female, illiterate, smoker, complications of diabetes, comorbidity, or psychological symptoms. However, female gender was the strongest predictor of reporting poor quality of sleep, OR= 3.69, 95% CI 1.65–8.28 (P<0.001).ConclusionPoor sleep quality among diabetic patients is a prevalent health problem. Many factors can affect sleep quality. Health care providers may consider routine screening for and address sleep problems among diabetic patients.

Sleep quality among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a private hospital setting in Yangon, Myanmar

“…In this study, age, sex and BMI were not significantly associated with sleep quality. This is in contrast to the findings of a study conducted by Darraj et al [22] that showed that being elderly, female and having an abnormal BMI were significantly associated with poor sleep quality. A possible reason why this current study did not find these factors to be significant is that the majority of the participants were elderly women with abnormal BMI, meaning age, sex and BMI differences could not be fully assessed.…”

“…In this study, the presence of complications was a significant predictor of sleep quality. This finding is congruent with previous studies [22,47,48]. Of note, 36% of T2DM patients in this study reported the presence of complications including peripheral neuropathy (22.2%), nephropathy (10.4%), cardiovascular (8.0%) and retinopathy (4.8%).…”

“…In the multiple logistic regression analysis, all significant factors from the crude analysis and biological plausibility were simultaneously entered in the final model. In model 1, the significant factors were older age (AOR 5 2.06; 95% CI 5 1.13-3.75), having completed ≤ high school as the highest education level (AOR 5 2.59; 95% CI 5 1.32-5.08) 1.00 1.00 Note(s): a score 0-4 5 no to minimal depression, score 5-19 5 mild to moderately severe depression [9,15,[18][19][20][21][22], which ranges from 45 to 70%. The difference in the prevalence of poor sleep quality may be due to the sample size, whether the study site is in the community or hospital, socioeconomic status differences and lifestyle characteristics.…”

“…Sleep disorders are commonly seen in T2DM patients because of the disease itself, its complications and other comorbidities [15][16][17]. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among T2DM patients ranges from 45% to 70% [9,15,[18][19][20][21][22]. It is estimated that 53.4% of diabetic patients have suffered from impaired sleep compared to 29% in the general population [3].…”

<p>Sleep Quality and Associated Factors Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Follow-Up Clinic at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

“…Diabetes is a challenge for millions of people in both developed and developing countries. 3 vidence in Ethiopia showed that an estimated 3.8% of the population had DM. 4 Sleep is essential for life and maintenance of body functions.…”