Assessment of Soil Contamination of a Cattle Market around River Ogun Basin, Isheri, Nigeria

Adeyi, Adebola A.; Omidiran, O.M.; Osibanjo, Oladele

doi:10.5772/57302

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Soil contamination may result from the accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids such as lead, cadmium, mercury and nickel, resulting from industrialization, atmospheric deposition, waste disposal, petrochemical spillage, mine tailings, coal combustion residues, gasoline, paints and application of fertilizers and pesticides. 1 , 2 Urban soil contamination by heavy metals is recognized as a form of point source pollution. 3 Heavy metals released into the environment by human activities do not undergo microbial or chemical degradation, and thus can persist in soils long after their release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead and Cadmium Levels in Residential Soils of Lagos and Ibadan, Nigeria

Adeyi

Babalola

2017

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Background.Lead and cadmium are components of paints sold in Nigeria. These heavy metals are associated with adverse neurological, cardiovascular and other human health effects.Objectives.This study assesses the levels of lead and cadmium in topsoil of residential areas in Lagos and Ibadan potentially resulting from painting of buildings.Methods.Samples were pre-treated prior to metal determination using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Metal speciation was determined using modified Tessier sequential extraction. Soil characteristics were determined by standard methods. Soil contamination was assessed using contamination factor, geo-accumulation and pollution load indices. The United States Environmental Protection Agency integrated exposure uptake biokinetic (IEUBK) model was used to estimate and predict children's blood lead levels (BLL).Results.Lead and cadmium concentrations in residential areas in Lagos and Ibadan ranged from 1.56–419 mg/kg and not detected–2.8 mg/kg, respectively. Metal contamination factor and pollution load index were highest at the Lagos low income settlement. Results of IEUBK modelling showed that the Lagos low income settlement had the highest probability density for children between 1–7 years of age with an estimated BLL of >10 μg/dL. This population made up less than 0.01% of those within this age range.Conclusions.Lead and cadmium concentrations in soil around the residential buildings were higher than those in the control sample. Contamination factor and pollution load index showed significant contamination in average and low income settlements. These results suggested that there was accumulation of the metals in the soil, which can persist in the environment. This may pose serious health risks, especially to vulnerable groups such as children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead and Cadmium Levels in Residential Soils of Lagos and Ibadan, Nigeria

Adeyi

Babalola

2017

Journal of Health and Pollution

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“…Total organic carbon was determined using an appropriate mathematical expression and multiplied by a factor to obtain the total organic matter (TOM). 22 , 24 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The health and environmental effects of individual metals vary from toxic to endocrine disruption. 24–27 Elevated metals concentrations in surface soils can pose a risk to human health. 28 Heavy metals can migrate from surface soil to subsoil and contaminate ground water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil from E-waste Dumpsites in Lagos and Ibadan, Nigeria

Adeyi

Oyeleke

2017

Journal of Health and Pollution

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Background.Soil contamination from heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released during informal e-waste processing and disposal poses human and ecological health risks in Nigeria.Objectives.This study assesses the levels of heavy metals and PAHs in soils of e-waste dumpsites in Lagos and Ibadan, Nigeria.Methods.Composite soil samples were collected at depths of 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm and 30–45 cm from major e-waste dumpsites in Lagos and Ibadan and analyzed for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr) and PAHs to evaluate the potential contaminant contribution from e-waste activities. Control samples were collected at the Botanical Garden, University of Ibadan. Samples were analyzed for heavy metals after acid digestion using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, while PAHs were extracted using cold solvent extraction and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Blank determination and recovery studies were carried out for each metal. Contamination and ecological risks were assessed using soil contamination indices such as contamination factor, geo-accumulation and pollution load indices, and potential ecological risk index to categorize contaminant concentrations and associated impacts. Soil physico-chemical characteristics such as pH and total organic matter were also determined.Results.Metals concentrations in the dumpsite soils ranged from 114–2,840 mg/kg and not detectable - 6.50 mg/kg for Pb and Cd, and 42.8–5,390 mg/kg, 27.5–3,420 mg/kg, 11.0–128 mg/kg and 94.0–325 mg/kg for Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr, respectively. Serious metals accumulation was observed at every e-waste dumpsite, as shown by the pollution load index. The potential ecological risk values were between 584 and 10,402 at all of the dumpsites, signifying very high ecological risk. The total PAHs ranged from 1,756–2,224 μg/kg at the 0–15 cm level, 1,664–2,152 μg/kg at 15–30 cm and 278 μg/kg in the top- and sub-soil of the control site.Discussion.The total PAHs in the soil of e-waste dumpsites was significantly higher than in the control soil.Conclusions.The results of this study indicate that indiscriminate dumping and open burning of e-waste are potential sources of PAH and toxic metal emissions, which can pose serious human health and ecological risks.

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“…The possible sources of PAHs and PCBs at the study sites may be from several sources including factories producing pharmaceutical and consumer health products, personal care products (PCPs), agrochemicals, industrial chemicals (paints, plastics, paper, leather and soap), oil spill in 2013 into the Ogun River, dumping of waste along the river banks, abattoir, sawmill (shaved off wood, burning of wood wastes and use of chemicals as wood preservatives), mechanic village (with high discharge of spent engine and hydraulic oils) and carwash using elevated volumes of detergents. It has been shown that regular burning of complex mixtures of wastes, tyres, paper, plastics and wood shavings may results in the release of PAHs and PCBs into the environment (Roach et al, 2010;Adeyi et al 2014). In addition, industrial activities such as paints and plastic production, use of dielectric fluids, lubricants sealants may further contribute to the release of PCBs and PAHs into the Ogun River.…”

Section: Modulation Of Cyp1 Isoformsmentioning

confidence: 99%