Assessment of soil quality parameters and yield of rice cultivars in Melaleuca cajuputi agroforestry system

Abstract

Abstract. Suryanto P, Taryono, Supriyanta, Kastono D, Putra ETS, Widyawan MH, Alam T. 2020. Assessment of soil quality parameters and yield of rice cultivars in Melaleuca cajuputi agroforestry system. Biodiversitas 21: 3463-3470. Interactions between rice cultivars and soil quality parameters rises problems in the attempt of increasing rice yield. The objective of this study was to assess soil quality parameters that affect the yield of 15 rice cultivars in an agroforestry system of ‘kayu putih’ (Melaleuca cajuputi) situated in Menggoran forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia which have three soil types namely Lithic Haplusterts, Ustic Epiaquerts, and Vertic Haplustalfs. The observation was conducted on 21 soil quality parameters and yield of rice cultivars. The data were analyzed by using ANOVA, factor analysis, and stepwise regression. The highest yield of rice per hectare was attained by GM 28 in Ustic Epiaquerts with 6.493 tons ha-1, while Situ Patenggang and GM 28 in Vertic Haplustalfs as high as5.549 and 5.401 tons ha-1, respectively, and Situ Patenggang in Lithic Haplusterts as high as 4.893 tons ha-1. Soil quality parameters that had significant effect on the yield of rice cultivars were Clay, SMC, pH, SOC, N, Mg, Fe, Fg, and Bae. We suggested that rice cultivars recommendations for Lithic Haplusterts, Ustic Epiaquerts, and Vertic Haplustalfs are Situ Patenggang, Situ Patenggang or GM 28, and GM 28, respectively, in addition to fertilization based on limiting factors of each rice cultivars.

Optimizing Application of Biochar Amendment for Nitrogen use Efficiency in Upland Rice under Melaleuca cajuputi Stands

“…The average air temperature and relative humidity were 25.54C and 83.90%. The soil type was Lithic Haplusterts (Alam et al 2019;Alam et al 2020a;Suryanto et al 2017;Suryanto et al 2020a). The soil texture was dominated by clay texture with very slow drainage (0.001 cm hour -1 ).…”

“…Biochar was applied during rice planting, while urea applied in 2, 4 and 8 week after planting (wap). The observation parameters were nitrate reductase activity (NRA) (Krywult and Bielec, 2013), total chlorophyll (TC) (Gross, 1991), leaf photosynthesis rate (LPR) (Li-Cor, 1999), nitrogen loss (NL) (Fageria, 2014), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) (Rathke et al, 2016) and seed yield (SY) (Suryanto et al 2017;Suryanto et al 2020a). The observations of NRA, TC and LPR were carried out during the maximum vegetative phase, while NL, NUE and SY in the harvest time.The RSM equation used in this experiment applied the uncoded independent variables (Koocheki et al 2014, Myers et al 2009).…”

Rice cultivar selection in an agroforestry system through GGE-biplot and EBLUP

“…This study was conducted from November 2019 to February 2020 in Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management District, Indonesia (Figure 1a). The study site is at an altitude of ±100 meters above sea level and has a ustic moisture regime: annual mean temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation of 29.38 °C, 81.90%, and 1,182 mm year −1 , respectively (Alam et al 2019a;Alam et al 2019b;Alam et al 2021;Suryanto et al 2017;Suryanto et al 2020b). This regime is composed of limited moisture but is suitable for plant growth when environmental conditions are favorable and when the water requirements for plants are met (Boettinger et al 2015).…”

“…By 2045, 8.1 million hectares of rice fields in Indonesia will have been reduced to 5.1 million hectares (Mulyani et al 2017). One alternative solution to this problem is intensifying rainfed areas in an agroforestry system for cultivating food crops, especially rice (Mulyani et al 2017;Suryanto et al 2020b).…”

“…The potential for kayu putih forests in Indonesia is 248,756 hectares (Kartikawati et al 2014). Land intensification among kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi) stands beneficial because the leaves and branches of M. cajuputi are pruned twice a year; as such, no shade effect on rice occurs and the root zone differential lessens the conflict for nutrients and water (Suryanto et al 2020b). One solution to increase national rice production is to use superior rice cultivars with high yields and stability under various environmental conditions.…”