Assessment of some browse tree leaves on gas production and sustainable mitigation of CH4 and CO2 emissions in dairy calves at different age

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThe present context was aimed to determine the in vitro gas production (GP), mitigation of methane (CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission, and ruminal fermentation from nine different tree leaves as suitable alternatives for alfalfa hay. Tree leaves and alfalfa hay were incubated with rumen inoculum from calves at different ages (20, 40, and 60 d). The level of asymptomatic GP [mL/g dry matter (DM)] differed (P < 0.05) between different tree leaves compared with alfalfa hay. Most of the plant leaves showed differed (P < 0.05) asymptomatic CH 4 production (mL/g DM), fractional rate of GP and lag time. The asymptomatic CO 2 production and fractional rate of CO 2 production decreased effectively (P < 0.01) with the different tree leaves. In vitro rumen CH 4 and CO 2 productions (mL/g incubated DM) by species incubated in the rumen liquor of calves collected at 60 d of age increased effectively. Fermentation pH (P < 0.001) was found to be significant parameter but DM degradability (P > 0.05) was not significant by dose and substrate  dose interaction. Tree leaves showed lower production of CH 4 (mL/g incubated DM) and proportional CH 4 emission when compared to alfalfa hay after the required period of incubation at significant level (P < 0.05). However, different tree leaves had no influence (P > 0.05) on CO 2 production (mL/g incubated DM and mL/g degraded DM) and proportional CO 2 production. The incorporation of tested tree leaves in diet would be a valuable alternative of alfalfa hay with sustainable reduction properties of CH 4 and CO 2 productions. These potent tree leaves can be used as valuable cleaner product and feeding stuffs for the environment and ruminants respectively due to their in vitro fermentative properties.

Gas Production, Digestibility and Efficacy of Stored or Fresh Plant Extracts to Reduce Methane Production on Different Substrates

“…Furthermore, the breakdown of long chain polysaccharides could have been positively affected by the presence of anthraquinones, which is present at varying proportions in all the medicinal plants used in this study, as previously noted [2]. Both AZ and MO extracts have been reported to equally improve feed digestibility at moderate doses [31]. Furthermore, improved digestibility of the substrate has been associated with the presence of azadirachtin in AZ and the high concentration of alkaloids in MO [32].…”

Averting the “resource curse phenomenon” through government effectiveness. Evidence from Ghana's natural gas production

“…A subset of the studies has also given a little attention to natural gas production and gross domestic product (GDP) relationship and found two outcomes. One stand of the literature found a positive link between gas production and gross domestic product, supporting the resource blessing phenomenon (Peach and Starbuck, 2011;Diugwu et al, 2013;Bilgili et al, 2020) while the other strand of literature found that natural gas production is associated with adverse outcomes especially Co 2 emission, supporting the resource curse hypothesis (Elghandour et al, 2017;Shearer et al, 2014). Although our study is related to these studies, we use four different estimation strategies to ensure that our findings are more robust and reliable compared to these studies that used a single approach.…”

“…, 2013; Bilgili et al. , 2020) while the other strand of literature found that natural gas production is associated with adverse outcomes especially Co 2 emission, supporting the resource curse hypothesis (Elghandour et al. , 2017; Shearer et al.…”

Role of dose dependent Escherichia coli as ruminal anti-microflora agent to mitigate biogases production in prickly pear cactus flour based diet

“…It should also be noteworthy that in order to utilize unconventional feedstuffs as feed ingredients for ruminant, those byproducts need to be not only highly nutritive to livestock but also nonnutritious to humans. Recently, calcium malate [10], organic acid salts [19], Salix babylonica extract [20], and browse tree leaves [21] were successfully implied in the feeding diets of livestock to investigate their biogas mitigation attributes. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study reported on the potent role of E. coli supplementation on the biogases mitigation from various concentrations of PC flour.…”