Assessment of spatial and seasonal water quality variation of Oum Er Rbia River (Morocco) using multivariate statistical techniques

Barakat, Ahmed; Baghdadi, Mohamed El; Rais, Jamila; Aghezzaf, Brahim; Slassi, Mohamed

doi:10.1016/j.iswcr.2016.11.002

Cited by 311 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The recorded EC had a negative correlation with WT which probably indicated ions in water became compounds by high temperature. The negative relation is similar with other reports [1,9].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Thus, it is necessary to obtain information from river to analyze which section along the river is the most polluted and what is the most important water contamination. Many studies suggest that anthropogenic activities such as industrial effluents, agricultural waste water and domestic sewage systems are generally the significant factors in water degeneration [1,2,3]. Furthermore, natural condition, especially the sea water intrusion in coastal region, is not negligible [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of water quality using multivariate statistical methods in Duliujian River, China

Sun¹,

Liang²,

Huang³

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2017 3rd International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2017)

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Abstract. Water quality assessments are essential for providing information to water resource management processes. The objective of this study was to investigate the internal correlation among water parameters, to analyze main water contamination and to identify the most polluted section along a seagoing river. Five water quality parameters (WT, EC, NH4− -N) were chosen to assess the water quality using multivariate statistical methods (Spearman's correlation, PCA, CA). PCA results showed 2 PCs can explain 78% of the total variation. The main water contamination was related to anthropogenic activities (domestic wastewater, industrial effluents and livestock operations) as well as natural condition (seawater intrusion). CA results gave 3 clusters by analyzing similarities of each section, indicating that the middle-downstream was the most polluted and the last section was mainly influenced by seawater intrusion.

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“…The recorded EC had a negative correlation with WT which probably indicated ions in water became compounds by high temperature. The negative relation is similar with other reports [1,9].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of water quality using multivariate statistical methods in Duliujian River, China

Sun¹,

Liang²,

Huang³

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2017 3rd International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2017)

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“…Keeping in view of the above aspects, this study was conducted to evaluate soil erosion rates in the Ikkour watershed located in the high basin of the Oum Er Rbia River that suffers detrimental effects through human activities (Barakat et al 2016). The selected watershed is highly vulnerable to erosion; it constitutes one of the main areas of Morocco, where the limestone series of the lower Liassic outcrop widely and show an accentuated landform.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil erosion modeled with USLE, GIS, and remote sensing: a case study of Ikkour watershed in Middle Atlas (Morocco)

et al. 2017

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The Ikkour watershed located in the Middle Atlas Mountain (Morocco) has been a subject of serious soil erosion problems. This study aimed to assess the soil erosion susceptibility in this mountainous watershed using Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and spectral indices integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The USLE model required the integration of thematic factors' maps which are rainfall aggressiveness, length and steepness of the slope, vegetation cover, soil erodibility, and erosion control practices. These factors were calculated using remote sensing data and GIS. The USLE-based assessment showed that the estimated total annual potential soil loss was about 70.66 ton ha. This soil loss is favored by the steep slopes and degraded vegetation cover. The spectral index method, offering a qualitative evaluation of water erosion, showed different degrees of soil degradation in the study watershed according to FI, BI, CI, and NDVI. The results of this study displayed an agreement between the USLE model and spectral index approach, and indicated that the predicted soil erosion rate can be due to the most rugged land topography and an increase in agricultural areas. Indeed, these results can further assist the decision makers in implementation of suitable conservation program to reduce soil erosion.

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“…The Phongolo River is also a cross-border river, as it is shared with Mozambique, and is important to both countries [35]. Careful monitoring of water quality over long-and short-term periods of such cross-border systems is not only ecologically but also politically important [37].For efficient management, and to minimize impacts on downstream water quality and ecological functions and services (which may support both environmental and human health and wellbeing), it is important to maintain the ecological integrity of an ecosystem [4,8,38]. An aspect of ecological integrity assessment includes the monitoring and analysis of spatio-temporal patterns in the abiotic and biotic water quality of a river.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For efficient management, and to minimize impacts on downstream water quality and ecological functions and services (which may support both environmental and human health and wellbeing), it is important to maintain the ecological integrity of an ecosystem [4,8,38]. An aspect of ecological integrity assessment includes the monitoring and analysis of spatio-temporal patterns in the abiotic and biotic water quality of a river.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Water Quality Patterns of a Flow Regulated Tropical Lowland River

Necker

Neswiswi

Greenfield

et al. 2019

Water

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Floodplain ecosystems in Africa are under threat due to direct anthropogenic pressure and climate change. The lower Phongolo River and associated floodplain is South Africa's largest inland floodplain ecosystem and has been regulated by the Pongolapoort Dam since the 1970s. The last controlled flood release from the dam occurred in December 2014, after which a severe drought occurred and only a base flow was released. The central aims of this study were to determine the historic and present water quality state of the middle and lower Phongolo River and assess the possible effects of the most recent drought may have had. Historic water quality data (1970s to present) were obtained from monitoring stations within the Phongolo River catchment to assess the long-term water quality patterns. Using multivariate statistical analyses as well as the Physicochemical Driver Assessment Index (PAI), a water quality index developed for South African riverine ecosystems, various in situ and chemical water variables were analysed. Key findings included that the water quality of the middle and lower Phongolo River has degraded since the 1970s, due to increased salinity and nutrient inputs from surrounding irrigation schemes. The Pongolapoort Dam appears to be trapping nutrient-rich sediments leading to nutrient-depleted water entering the lower Phongolo River. The nutrient levels increase again as the river flows through the downstream floodplain through input from nutrient rich soils and fertilizers. The drought did not have any significant effect on water quality as the PAI remained similar to pre-drought conditions.Water 2020, 12, 37 2 of 22 impacts on the environment, as well as on the biophysical characteristics of a river both downstream and upstream of the impoundments [7][8][9][10]. Effects include altering the magnitude and velocity of floods and river flows either upstream or downstream of the dam [11], sediment trapping within the impoundment [10,12,13], loss of fertile topsoil downstream of the dam [8,14], nutrient retention within the impoundment [13], nutrient loading downstream of the dam and loss of biodiversity, particularly fish and macroinvertebrates [9,15,16]. The type and magnitude of these effects may differ between systems and is highly dependent on the size of the dam, whether hyper-or hypolimnetic discharge occurs, the purpose for which it was built, the type of river it is located on and the natural variability and function of rivers [12,17,18]. Through controlled flooding regimes, water may be released from an impoundment in a variety of patterns that differ from the natural hydrological regime of a river and thus impacts on the downstream ecosystem [12,[19][20][21], the most prominent impact being reduced downstream flow [8,22]. Reduced river discharge may result in a reduced flooding area and environmental flow, leading to variation in natural abiotic and biotic processes [23] such as nutrient cycling and the migration and spawning of fish [8,24].Low-flow drought disturbances are either seasonal or su...

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Assessment of spatial and seasonal water quality variation of Oum Er Rbia River (Morocco) using multivariate statistical techniques

Cited by 311 publications

References 56 publications

Analysis of water quality using multivariate statistical methods in Duliujian River, China

Analysis of water quality using multivariate statistical methods in Duliujian River, China

Soil erosion modeled with USLE, GIS, and remote sensing: a case study of Ikkour watershed in Middle Atlas (Morocco)

Long-Term Water Quality Patterns of a Flow Regulated Tropical Lowland River

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