Assessment of spatial distribution of enset plant diversity and enset bacteria wilt using geostatistical techniques in Yem special district, Southern Ethiopia

Zerfu, Ambachew; Gebre, Sintayehu Legesse; Berecha, Gezahegn; Getahun, Kefelegn

doi:10.1186/s40068-018-0126-9

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As enset takes between 5-7 years to mature, these losses are an important threat to food security in the area (own interviews). Lower-lying areas had a significantly higher prevalence of affected gardens, which is in line with results reported by Wolde et al (2016) and Zerfu et al (2018) and can be typically attributed to faster disease progression in the warmer climate at lower altitudes (Berhanu et al, 2013;Cartledge, 1999). In contrast, Ocimati et al (2019) did not find a significant effect of altitude and temperature on Xanthomonas wilt spread in banana farms.…”

Section: Effects Of Altitude and Nutrients On Xanthomonas Wilt Diseassupporting

confidence: 79%

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Altitude and management affect soil fertility, leaf nutrient status and Xanthomonas wilt prevalence in enset gardens

Shara

Swennen

Deckers

et al. 2021

SOIL

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Abstract. Enset (Ensete ventricosum) is a productive, drought-tolerant and multipurpose food security crop grown in the densely populated Ethiopian highlands. It is a so-called orphan crop, and its production suffers from a lack of information on proper soil fertility management and its interaction with bacterial wilt disease caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum. The aim of this study was therefore to assess soil–plant nutrient variation within enset home gardens at three altitudes (ranging from 2000 to 3000 m above sea level – a.s.l.) in the Gamo highlands and investigate whether this variation affects disease prevalence. Altitude in the rift valley covaries with soil leaching, and plant available P, Ca and Mg in soils significantly raised with decreasing altitude. Soil carbon and most nutrients reached very high levels in the gardens, whereas the more distant outfields were severely nutrient deprived. Differences in management intensity within the garden caused soil pH, conductivity, total organic carbon, total N and available P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Fe levels to significantly decline with distance from the house; yet, this decrease in soil nutrients was not mirrored in a response of foliar nutrient content, except for N. Hence, over-fertilization is likely, and establishing evidence-based nutrient recommendations for enset would benefit soil quality and productivity both in the gardens and in the outfields. Disease prevalence was high in the study area, with one-third of the farms affected in the recent past. Although more experimental work is needed to exclude confounding factors, our data indicate that the effects of altitude, P fertilization, micronutrients and K-Ca-Mg balance are promising avenues for further investigation into Xanthomonas wilt disease susceptibility.

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Section: Effects Of Altitude and Nutrients On Xanthomonas Wilt Diseassupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Four bulk soil samples were taken and combined into one composite bulk sample per farm zone. Sampling depth comprised the upper 25 cm of soil, where most of the enset cord roots are typically distributed (Blomme et al, 2008;Zewdie et al, 2008).…”

Section: Sampling and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitude and management affect soil fertility, leaf nutrient status and Xanthomonas wilt prevalence in enset gardens

Shara

Swennen

Deckers

et al. 2021

SOIL

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“…Enset farming systems contribute to the long‐term sustainability of food production through several mechanisms. Enset is perceived to be relatively tolerant of drought (Garedew, Ayiza, Haile, & Kasaye, ; Zerfu, Gebre, Berecha, & Getahun, ), withstand heavy rain, tolerate flooding, and endure frost damage (Degu & Workayehu, ). Enset can be harvested at any time during the year, be harvested at any growth stage over a period of several years (up to an including the early flowering stage), and the fermented products can be stored for long periods (Brandt et al, ; Garedew et al, ; Sahle, Yeshitela, & Saito, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enset‐based agricultural systems in Ethiopia: A systematic review of production trends, agronomy, processing and the wider food security applications of a neglected banana relative

Borrell

Goodwin

Blomme³

et al. 2020

Plants People Planet

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Enset is a staple food for over 20 million people via its starch-rich corm and pseudostem, yet it is virtually unknown outside a narrow zone of cultivation in southern Ethiopia. Due to acculturation and urbanization coupled with climate change, emerging pests and the introduction of new crops, the extensive indigenous knowledge associated with this crop is in danger of being lost, imperilling the future food security and prosperity of millions of Ethiopians. Here, we synthesize the current state of enset ethnobotanical research, identifying key gaps and challenges, and provide a framework for further enset research to safeguard this important, but neglected, tropical crop. SummaryEnset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) is the major starch staple of the Ethiopian Highlands, where its unique attributes enhance the food security of approximately 20 million people and have earned it the title "The Tree Against Hunger".Yet enset-based agriculture is virtually unknown outside of its narrow zone of cultivation, despite growing wild across much of East and Southern Africa. Here, we review historical production data to show that the area of land under enset production in Ethiopia has reportedly increased 46% in two decades, whilst yield increased 12fold over the same period, making enset the second most produced crop species in Ethiopia-though we critically evaluate potential issues with these data. Furthermore, we address a major challenge in the development and wider cultivation of enset, by reviewing and synthesizing the complex and fragmented agronomic and ethnobotanic knowledge associated with this species; including farming systems, processing methods, products, medicinal uses and cultural importance. Finally, we provide a framework to improve the quality, consistency and comparability of data collected across culturally diverse enset-based agricultural systems to enhanced sustainable | 213 BORRELL Et aL. S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O N Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section. How to cite this article: Borrell JS, Goodwin M, Blomme G, et al. Enset-based agricultural systems in Ethiopia: A systematic review of production trends, agronomy, processing and the wider food security applications of a neglected banana relative. Plants, People, Planet. 2020;2:212-228. https ://doi.

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“…However, the productivity and area coverage of the crop are continuously declining due to various environmental and management factors (Birmeta et al, 2004). Enset bacterial wilt disease is a prior threat or problem to the enset production system in Ethiopia (Zerfu et al, 2018). Enset bacterial wilt disease, which is commonly known as "Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW)", "Enset Xanthomonas Wilt (EXW)" or "Enset wilt" is a devastating disease caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enset bacterial wilt disease, which is commonly known as "Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW)", "Enset Xanthomonas Wilt (EXW)" or "Enset wilt" is a devastating disease caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm) (Mekuria et al, 2016;Zerfu et al, 2018). This bacterium dominantly affects enset and banana plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of the spatial distribution of enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman) wilt disease: Evidence from Yem special district, Southern Ethiopia

Gebre

Woldeyohannes

Getahun

et al. 2021

Cogent Food & Agriculture

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Enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman) is a perennial crop, cultivated by millions of smallholder farmers in the south, central, and southwestern Ethiopia. However, its production has been endangered by one of the overwhelming enset bacterial wilt (EXW) disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm). The burden of the disease and the geographical distribution and the main contributing environmental factors are not precisely known. Therefore this study was aimed at determining the magnitude of enset bacterial wilt and identification of biophysical factors that influences the spatial distribution of the disease using spatial statistical analysis techniques in Yem special district, southwest Ethiopia. Different data on EXW prevalence and incidence were collected by applying purposive and spatial random sampling methods. The logistic regression method was used to model the relationship between EXW prevalence and response variables. And a generalized linear model was employed to analyze the relationship between EXW incidence and response variables. The results show that EXW disease is widely distributed at different degrees of intensity. The overall average EXW prevalence and incidence rates are 64.4% and 20.11%, respectively. The predicting variables such as annual relative ABOUT THE AUTHOR Sintayehu Legesse Gebre is an assistant professor in hydrology and water resources engineering at Jimma University, Ethiopia. He has a research interest in the fields of hydrology, irrigation water management, geostatistics, and decision-making methods. This research finding contributes to the vast scientific development of spatial analysis on agricultural management. Ashenafi W/Yohannes was a researcher at Jimma University. He has an M.Sc degree in GIS and RS from Jimma University. Kefelegn Getahun (Ph.D.) is an associate professor at Jimma University. He is a senior researcher in the field of land use planning and geo information application in the field of natural resources management. Alemayehu Regassa (Ph.D.) is an associate professor at Jimma University. He is a senior researcher in the field of soil science. PUBLIC INTEREST STATEMENT Enset is a perennial and monocarpic herb belonging to the banana family and originated in Ethiopia. Enset is commonly used in the south and southwest part of the country. More than 20 million people rely on it as food security and livelihood income. The part of the plant is used for many purposes like animal feed, medicine, fuel, construction, and ornamental in the rural community. However, the production has been magnificently affected by enset bacterial wilt (EXW) disease. Hence, identifying the environmental determinants and EXW disease hot spot areas is important for intervention measures to control and reduce the distribution of the diseases and boost enset crop production in the study area.

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Assessment of spatial distribution of enset plant diversity and enset bacteria wilt using geostatistical techniques in Yem special district, Southern Ethiopia

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Altitude and management affect soil fertility, leaf nutrient status and Xanthomonas wilt prevalence in enset gardens

Altitude and management affect soil fertility, leaf nutrient status and Xanthomonas wilt prevalence in enset gardens

Enset‐based agricultural systems in Ethiopia: A systematic review of production trends, agronomy, processing and the wider food security applications of a neglected banana relative

Determinants of the spatial distribution of enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman) wilt disease: Evidence from Yem special district, Southern Ethiopia

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