Assessment of Spring Water Quality Using Water Quality Indices and Multivariate Statistical Techniques in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand

Thakur, Pankaj Kumar; Kumar, Vinod; Deoli, Vaibhav

doi:10.1007/s40030-023-00709-w

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Also in Romania, parameter selection was varied at each sample site in calculation of the WQI due to missing data (Cristina et al., 2014). The weighted arithmetic index BWQI method was employed to examine drinking water quality of 120 springs within the Kurdistān region of Iraq (Ameen, 2019) and of 18 springs in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, India (Pankaj et al., 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of karst spring water quality in northeast Tennessee using water quality indices

Fashina,

Luffman,

Nandi

et al. 2023

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Ensuring access to safe drinking water to protect public health in communities underserved or unserved by centralized water systems requires regular water quality testing and reporting. However, households depending on unregulated water systems like wells and springs, which are less routinely tested, may be unaware of their water quality. Access to easy‐to‐comprehend water quality information may be challenging. Therefore, this study utilized multiple water quality parameters to determine karst spring water quality using two water quality index (WQI) methods. This approach aggregates and summarizes water quality data into a single value or index characterizing the general health status of water at a given location in an easy‐to‐understand way. In situ measurements of physicochemical parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, turbidity, conductivity, specific conductance, total dissolved solids, and oxidation–reduction potential) were taken at 50 karst springs in east Tennessee during summer 2021. Water samples were analyzed for microbial (fecal coliform and Escherichia coli), nutrients (nitrate and nitrite), and radiological (radon) constituents using standard analytical methods. WQI method 1 (Brown et al. Water Quality Index) rated 12% of springs as “very poor” water quality and 88% as “unfit for drinking.” WQI method 2 (National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index) rated 4% of the sampled springs as “good,” 92% as “moderate,” and 4% as “bad.” Given the prevalence of fecal contamination in the sampled springs, even springs rated good should be properly treated before consumption. Overall, these findings demonstrate the importance of selecting appropriate WQI for the end water use, and for water quality information that is easily understandable by water users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of karst spring water quality in northeast Tennessee using water quality indices

Fashina,

Luffman,

Nandi

et al. 2023

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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show abstract

“…al., 2019;Bakti et al at., 2021). Water quality is a global standard as a chemical, physical, and biological parameter (Chauhan et al, 2020;Thakur et al, 2023). Recently, natural waters, including surface water (freshwater, lakes, and rivers) and ground waters (borehole water and springs), are received many pollutants from biological processes and anthropogenic activities (Al Ameer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoinformatics of Spring Water Quality in Small Village

Saraswati,

Taqyudin,

Pamungkas

et al. 2023

IJG

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Geoinformatics is spatial information based on characteristics and analysis regarding spatial data. Water is the main component of human life with clean water, especially drinking water found from various sources, including spring water. Water quality is a global standard as a chemical, physical, and biological parameter. The study aims to determine the potential spring water based on spatial analysis of water quality standards for potential use. The method used to determine the potential utilization of springs using geographic information system analysis. Data is based on the difference in height, slope, and distance from springs to settlements and discharge. Water quality samples are analyzed using mobile and laboratory tests. The result found that physical parameters from five locations, Sirah Citanggulun, Cikerebek, Cijati, Cijati 2, and Galumpit, have good quality to meet the utilization requirements, especially for water designation class. Chemically parameters, water quality, is relatively good based on several parameters such as pH, Nitrite, dissolved iron, and zinc, which do not exceed the required quality standard threshold. The biological parameters, five samples are contaminated by bacteria Escherichia coli and total coliform. Regarding the literature review, this research found that biological contaminants are unsuitable for drinking water, but it is still good to become another used. The research concluded that the spring water in a small village could become potential uses for drinking water based on the parameter of water quality for daily use, especially for drinking water, regarding biological parameters that spring water must be boiled to drink.

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Seasonal behavior and spatial variations of water quality index and micro-biological changes in the springs of Indian Himalayan Region

Pant,

Singh,

Singh

2024

Environ Dev Sustain

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Assessment of Spring Water Quality Using Water Quality Indices and Multivariate Statistical Techniques in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Evaluation of karst spring water quality in northeast Tennessee using water quality indices

Evaluation of karst spring water quality in northeast Tennessee using water quality indices

Geoinformatics of Spring Water Quality in Small Village

Seasonal behavior and spatial variations of water quality index and micro-biological changes in the springs of Indian Himalayan Region

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