2020
DOI: 10.3390/app10155308
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Assessment of Static Positioning Accuracy Using Low-Cost Smartphone GPS Devices for Geodetic Survey Points’ Determination and Monitoring

Abstract: Recent developments enable to access raw Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements of mobile phones. Initially, researchers using signals gathered by mobile phones for high accuracy surveying were not successful in ambiguity fixing. Nowadays, GNSS chips, which are built in the latest smartphones, deliver code and primarily carrier phase observations available for detailed analysis in post-processing applications. Therefore, we decided to check the performance of carrier phase ambiguity fixing and … Show more

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Cited by 36 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…The analysis of such a strategy was tested for real GPS data, for a 4 km baseline. The tests used GPS observations carried out on 22 January 2020 [35], for a ten minute session with an interval of 1 s. The satellite situation during the measurements is shown in Figure 8. The analyses were performed using observations from four GPS satellites: G04, G06, G09 and G26, for which code and phase measurements were recorded at the frequencies L1 = 1575.42 MHz and L5 = 1176.45 MHz.…”
Section: Influence Of Dd Code Accuracy On Ambiguity Initialization and Methodology Of Ambiguity Searching In L1-l5 Gps Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The analysis of such a strategy was tested for real GPS data, for a 4 km baseline. The tests used GPS observations carried out on 22 January 2020 [35], for a ten minute session with an interval of 1 s. The satellite situation during the measurements is shown in Figure 8. The analyses were performed using observations from four GPS satellites: G04, G06, G09 and G26, for which code and phase measurements were recorded at the frequencies L1 = 1575.42 MHz and L5 = 1176.45 MHz.…”
Section: Influence Of Dd Code Accuracy On Ambiguity Initialization and Methodology Of Ambiguity Searching In L1-l5 Gps Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Such a solution can be effective for precise positioning with the use of smartphones. This is related to the selection of the reference satellite when determining DD observations, i.e., GNSS antennas in mobile phones have much worse access to satellites than traditional antennas in GNSS receivers, especially when the smartphone is in a vertical position above the observed point, while reference satellites are selected as those that are at the zenith [35]. While for geodetic receivers it is an optimal solution when the reference satellite is in zenith, and for precise phase positioning with the use of mobile phones, it is a big problem, because the reference satellite located at the zenith, due to the housing of the cell phone, will have a significantly worse signal than the satellites lower above the horizon if the phone is oriented vertically during the measurement.…”
Section: Influence Of Dd Code Accuracy On Ambiguity Initialization and Methodology Of Ambiguity Searching In L1-l5 Gps Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…8.2.3 by Topcon Corporation was used for the static measurements. The software allows the data processing from different devices such as total stations, digital levels and GNSS receivers, and it is used in several technical-scientific applications [47,48]. Topcon Tools uses the Modified Hopfield Model for the tropospheric corrections [49].…”
Section: Static Nrtk Survey and Software Processingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This facilitates the use of measurement and calculation methods previously reserved for precise geodetic techniques. Since the release of Android API 24, numerous works have been published containing descriptions of measurement tests and calculation experiments that are intended to determine the degree of usability of the available GNSS measurement data using RTK and/or PPP modes [13][14][15][16][17][18]. These papers contain analyses of observations recorded during carefully prepared experiments at appropriately selected measurement points.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%