Assessment of Surface Water Quality on the Upper Watershed of Huallaga River, in Peru, using Grey Systems and Shannon Entropy

Abstract

The assessment of the quality of surface water is a complex issue that entails the comprehensive analysis of several parameters that are altered by natural or man-made causes. In this sense, the Grey Clustering method, which is based on Grey Systems theory, and Shannon Entropy, based on the artificial intelligence approach, provide an alternative to evaluate water quality in an integral way considering the uncertainty within the analysis. In the present study, the water quality on the upper watershed of Huallaga river was evaluated taking into account the monitoring results of twenty-one points carried out by the National Water Authority (ANA) analyzing nine parameters of the Prati index. The results showed that all the monitoring points of the Huallaga river were classified as not contaminated, which means that the discharges, generated by economic activities, are carried out through of treatment plants meeting the quality parameters. Finally, the results obtained can be of great help to the ANA and the regional and local authorities of Peru in making decisions to improve the management of the Huallaga river watershed.

Applying Grey Clustering and Shannon’s Entropy to Assess Sediment Quality from a Watershed

“…In this section, we will proceed to describe the center-point triangular whitenization weight functions (CTWF) method, which can be described as follows: First assume that there is a set of objects, a set of criteria and a set of grey classes, according to the sample value Then the CTWF method is appreciated in a flowchart in Fig. 1 and are developed with the following steps [12], [14]- [16].…”

“…www.ijacsa.thesai.org In relation to other studies, Chu & Tan [7] applied the Grey Clustering method to evaluate the surface sediment quality of the Jiangsu coastal ocean, and showed that more emphasis should be placed on the management of the surface tidal flat sediment environment, especially on the treatment of the pollution source to improve the sediment quality for the sustainable development of the coastal zone. In the water quality assessment conducted by Delgado et al, [12] in the Huallaga River basin, it was shown that of the 21 monitoring points analyzed all of these were found -according to the Pratti index -to be uncontaminated. A point to highlight from the previous study is that Shannon Entropy was used to determine the value of the weights, a feature that was not used in the study by Liping et al study [18] where the weights were determined using the arithmetic mean.…”

“…In this step, use is made of Shannon's Entropy weight method, which developed the measure "H", which satisfies the following properties [9], [12], [14], [15], [17]:…”

“…Regarding the entropy weight methodology, it can be demonstrated according to the following definition [9], [12], [15]. As shown above, objects are shown for evaluation and evaluation criteria, which form the following matrix { } .…”

“…In the mentioned study, the water quality in the upper basin of the Huallaga River was evaluated taking into account the results of the monitoring of twenty-one points carried out by the National Water Authority analyzing nine parameters of the Prati index. The results showed that all the monitoring points of the Huallaga River were classified as uncontaminated, which means that the discharges, generated by economic activities, are carried out through treatment plants that meet the quality parameters [12].…”