Assessment of Sustainable Biomass Energy Technologies in Pakistan Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process

Soomro, Hira; Shah, Syed Feroz; Sahito, Wasayo Sanam; Uqaili, Muhammad Aslam; Kumar, Laveet; Nixon, Jonathan; Harijan, Khanji

doi:10.3390/su141811388

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar indoor fuels were consumed in the rural regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In Sindh rural regions, wood, coal, crop residues, animal dung, and agricultural waste were employed to fulfil the indoor energy needs [90]. Here, the biomass consumption was observed as lower than that of Baluchistan due to urbanization [91][92][93].…”

Section: Indoor Smoke Cox Voc and Pollutants From Household Energy So...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of Indoor Air Pollution in Pakistan—Causes and Management

et al. 2023

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This state-of-the-art review is designed to provide a factual analysis of indoor air pollution in Pakistan. Primarily, the main sources of indoor air pollution and related air pollutants were analyzed. Key sources of indoor air pollution include household energy sources (biomass, wood, coal, tobacco, and low temperatures) producing particulate matter (PM), dust particles, smoke, COx, noxious gases, bioaerosols, airborne microflora, and flame retardants. According to the literature, rural regions of Pakistan using biomass indoor fuels have a high indoor PM concentration in the range of 4000–9000 μg/m3. In rural/urban regions, indoor smoking also leads to high PM2.5 levels of ~1800 μg/m3, which can cause pulmonary infections. In hospitals, PM concentrations were detected up to 1000 μg/m3, causing repeated infections in patients. Indoor ingestion of dust containing polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations was observed at high levels (~8.79–34.39 ng/g) in cities; this can cause serious health effects such as cancer risks and a loss of working productivity. Moreover, indoor microflora and bacteria (~10,000–15,000 cfu m−3) in urban/rural regions cause respiratory/cancer risks. In this context, indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring and management strategies have been somewhat developed; however, their implementation in Pakistan’s rural/urban indoor environments is still needed. Various challenges were identified for monitoring/regulating IAQ. There is a firm need for industry–academia–research cooperation and for the involvement of government/agencies to support indoor air pollution control/management and for intervention strategies.

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Section: Indoor Smoke Cox Voc and Pollutants From Household Energy So...mentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of Indoor Air Pollution in Pakistan—Causes and Management

et al. 2023

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“…Their needs, statuses, and expectations may change at any moment of project delivery, which will significantly alter the project structure, terms, schedule, and deliverables. This is why a project manager should keep his/her finger on the pulse when dealing with them and be ready for any kind of uncertainty, just in case [48]. Based on the existing literature, we suggest the below-mentioned hypothesis.…”

Section: Stakeholders Engagement and Project Successmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous literature suggests that stakeholder engagement creates the connection between the communication factors and multiple dimensions of project performance, such as construction projects, project sustainability, and environment management [14,34,36,48,49]. The researchers have different approaches to examining the mediation effect of stakeholder engagement.…”

Section: Mediation Stakeholders Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Impact of Communication Factors and Stakeholders Engagement on Renewable Energy Projects in Pakistan

Malik

Rasool

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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This study investigates the relationship between communication factors, stakeholders’ engagement, and project success (P.S.) of renewable energy in Pakistan. The aim of this study is to identify the communication factors that impact the success of renewable energy projects. The research investigates multiple dimensions of communication factors such as internal communication, external communication, leadership, relationship, and corporation. Moreover, we also tested the indirect relationship using the stakeholder’s engagement (S.E.) as a mediating variable. We used a quantitative approach using the questionnaire survey. The random and snowball sampling technique was used to collect data from the project managers, project engineers, and team leaders associated with renewable projects in Pakistan. We collected data in two phases. In the first phase, between August 2023 and December 2022, we distributed 400 complete research questionnaires. In return, we received 337 questionnaires, 84% of the distributed questionnaires. Similarly, between January 2023 and February 2023, we distributed 350 research questionnaires; in return, we received 255 questionnaires, which is 73% of the distributed questionnaires. However, we collected data from the 592 respondents engaged with renewable energy projects. Further, the structural equation modeling technique (SEM) was performed to analyze the study data through SmartPLS 4.1. The outcomes confirmed that communication factors significantly and positively impact the project’s success. The results guaranteed that communication factors have a positive and significant relationship with the stakeholder’s engagement. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that stakeholders’ engagement mediates communication factors and project success, enhancing the project’s success.

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“…Five criteria are weighted using AHP and six various raking method are used to rank alternatives. Soomro et al (2022) use the AHP to rank three cook stove technologies based on four criteria and 12 sub-criteria in Pakistan. Criteria include environmental, technological, social, and economical.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determinants of reliable smart grid from experts’ perspective

et al. 2023

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A smart grid integrates communication networks with the conventional electrical grid. Due to their potential, smart grids are anticipated to achieve widespread deployment. A key component of the success and adoption of smart grids is reliability. Without knowing users’ impressions of the reliability of the smart grid, users will not easily accept and participate in it or its services. However, very few studies address smart grid reliability from the perspective of users. Thus, there is a urgent need to identify key factors that affect smart grid reliability from the user’s viewpoint. The goal of this paper is to examine user perceptions of smart grid reliability and assess their success factors in an effort to close the gap in the literature. This paper propose a model to investigate and determine the most crucial factors that affect the smart grid's reliability based on the Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method. Firstly, a comprehensive literature analysis was conducted to determine the criteria and sub-criteria used to construct the model; then, the model is constructed using fifteen sub-criteria covering big data, network systems, and grid efficiency criteria; finally, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Approach (FAHP) and fuzzy triangular numbers are used to evaluate and prioritize the criteria. Twenty smart grid experts were consulted to collect data. The results indicate the significance of the ‘Big Data’ criterion, closely followed by ‘Grid Efficiency’ criterion. Additionally, it is discovered that the sub-criteria of ‘Privacy’ and ‘Interoperability’ had a significant impact on the reliability of the smart grid. The sensitivity analysis shows the variation of factors ranking and the stability and robustness of the model and the results. The research presented in this study has practical applications for academics, engineers, decision-makers, and stakeholders.

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Assessment of Sustainable Biomass Energy Technologies in Pakistan Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of Indoor Air Pollution in Pakistan—Causes and Management

Impact of Indoor Air Pollution in Pakistan—Causes and Management

Investigating the Impact of Communication Factors and Stakeholders Engagement on Renewable Energy Projects in Pakistan

The determinants of reliable smart grid from experts’ perspective

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