Assessment of Systems and Services for Management of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Cameroon

Bella, Assumpta Lucienne; Koki, Godefroy; Djouma, Nembot Fabrice; Hassan, A. Bassim; Nomo, Arlette; Noa, Gwladys; Ndongo, Jean Audrey; Sobngwi, Eugène; Epée, Emilienne

doi:10.1080/09286586.2020.1799414

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Nonadherence to treatment is observed in 39.2% of patients, often attributed to financial constraints, forgetfulness, treatment fatigue, and the use of traditional African remedies. Studies conducted in Cameroon emphasize the necessity of implementing effective management strategies for diabetes and its complications, highlighting low awareness levels and inappropriate attitudes toward disease prevention among diabetic patients [15,16]. In China, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is about 9.9% [10].…”

Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Cameroonians Patients Followed in Two Hospitals in the City of Garoua – North Cameroon

Mare Njoya,

Adamou Dodo,

Hadja

et al. 2024

Diabetic Retinopathy - Advancement in Understanding the Pathophysiology and Management Strategies

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This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a cross-sectional and analytical investigation within the ophthalmology departments of Garoua General Hospital and Garoua Regional Hospital. By focusing on type 2 diabetic patients, we endeavor to elucidate the factors contributing to the presence of DR in our local context over a period of 1 year from January 3rd, 2023 to January 15th, 2024. Demographic data (age, sex, and profession) and clinical information were collected. Ocular examinations included measurement of visual acuity, slit lamp examination, and fundus examination. Additional tests, such as macular optical coherence tomography and ocular ultrasound, were conducted when necessary. Diagnosed ocular pathologies were documented. The mean age of our patients is 53.9 years with a standard deviation of 13.2 years. Notably, there is a predominant representation of females. Regarding ocular health, 8.8% of patient exhibit blindness. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in our cohort is 24.5% with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 16.16 to 32.86%. It is noteworthy that all patients diagnosed with DR have a glycated hemoglobin level exceeding 7%. We have observed a prevalent occurrence of diabetic retinopathy within our community. Notably, all individuals diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy exhibit abnormal levels of glycated hemoglobin.

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Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Cameroonians Patients Followed in Two Hospitals in the City of Garoua – North Cameroon

Mare Njoya,

Adamou Dodo,

Hadja

et al. 2024

Diabetic Retinopathy - Advancement in Understanding the Pathophysiology and Management Strategies

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Stakeholders’ perspectives on the status of diabetic retinopathy and diabetes health service management systems in Uganda

Matovu,

Kakinda,

Bubikire

et al. 2024

Discov Health Systems

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Background Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in middle-aged and elderly people globally. Early detection and prompt treatment of DR can facilitate the prevention of diabetes-related visual impairment. Methods We used the Tool for Assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetes Management System (TADDS) questionnaire to collect data on the stakeholders’ perspectives on the status of diabetes mellitus (DM) and DR health service management systems in Uganda to inform service improvement and scale-up. Data collection took place in February 2019. Data were collected on the seven TADDS thematic areas (i.e., availability of DR and DM priorities, policies, and programs; service delivery; health workforce; health technology; health information management system; health promotion, and health financing) from 40 key stakeholders drawn from the Ministry of Health, World Health Organization, Lions Clubs International Foundation and 18 health facilities across the country. A national-level validation meeting was conducted in April 2019 to validate the study findings. Results While diabetes mellitus is a recognized non-communicable disease in Uganda, the country lacks a guiding program for its management. It does not have a budget for diabetes management and control, and there is limited involvement of stakeholders in diabetes mellitus programming. Similarly, although diabetic retinopathy is a recognized complication of diabetes mellitus, its prevalence is unknown and information about its management is not readily available. The provision of DR and DM services is limited to the regional or tertiary level of care (which limits access to a majority of the population in need), while both DM and DR continue to be managed as parallel rather than integrated disease programs. Shortages in trained health workforce, lack of equipment and supplies, and the high patient costs continue to affect people’s access to DM and DR services in Uganda. Conclusion The DM and DR health service management systems are fraught with programmatic implementation challenges while both diseases continue to be managed as parallel rather than integrated disease programs. These findings call for urgent programmatic adjustments in the management of DM and DR services, including DM-DR integration, to improve the provision of ophthalmology services in Uganda.

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Status of Health-care Systems for Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy in Jordan: Stakeholders and Health-care Providers Survey

Allatayfeh,

Al Shdaifat,

Mariotti

2023

Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology

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PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the status of health services for diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Jordan in terms of availability and accessibility by interviewing people engaged with health-care process including decision makers, professional providers, and community representatives. METHODS: This is a qualitative study where participants were invited to respond by direct interview to a standard questionnaire that is validated by the World Health Organization (WHO), “Tool for Assessment of Diabetic Retinopathy and DM Management Systems”. The questionnaire casts out of the WHO Health Systems Framework concept, assessing the presence of programs, guidelines, health technology and workforce, health promotion, and financing of DM and DR care in Jordan. RESULTS: Forty-two participants were included. DM is considered as priority in Jordan, but no programs are implemented. National guidelines are present for DM but not for DR. Networking should be improved between different disciplines caring for DM and DR. Human resources for DM and DR care were found insufficient and inadequately distributed. Health technology is only present in major cities and central hospitals. There is no nationwide data on disease burden nor a screening program for DR. More collaborated efforts should be spent on health education and raising awareness among people living with diabetes about the risk of DR. CONCLUSION: Advanced DM and DR care is not accessible to most people. Programmatic efforts from the government and NGOs must formulate a national action plan to reduce the human and financial impact of the disease in Jordan.

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Assessment of Systems and Services for Management of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Cameroon

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Cameroonians Patients Followed in Two Hospitals in the City of Garoua – North Cameroon

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy among Cameroonians Patients Followed in Two Hospitals in the City of Garoua – North Cameroon

Stakeholders’ perspectives on the status of diabetic retinopathy and diabetes health service management systems in Uganda

Status of Health-care Systems for Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy in Jordan: Stakeholders and Health-care Providers Survey

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