Assessment of test-meal induced autonomic arousal in anorexic, bulimic and control females

Léonard, Thierry; Pepinà, Conxa; Bond, Alyson J.; Treasure, Janet

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0968(199809)6:3<188::aid-erv227>3.0.co;2-g

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…According to Demos [ 123 ] and Blume et al [ 124 ], oscillations in beta (β) band are linked to conscious precision, strong focus, and enhanced ability in problem-solving. We also compare our results with those described in a review paper by Blume et al [ 124 ] and the work of Leonard et al [ 125 ]. In the last paper, EEG was derived at three stages, at a 1-min resting state, “eyes open” before, during, and after a test meal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Using Electroencephalogram-Extracted Nonlinear Complexity and Wavelet-Extracted Power Rhythm Features during the Performance of Demanding Cognitive Tasks (Aristotle’s Syllogisms) in Optimally Classifying Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

Karavia,

Papaioannou,

Michopoulos

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Anorexia nervosa is associated with impaired cognitive flexibility and central coherence, i.e., the ability to provide an overview of complex information. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate EEG features elicited from patients with anorexia nervosa and healthy controls during mental tasks (valid and invalid Aristotelian syllogisms and paradoxes). Particularly, we examined the combination of the most significant syllogisms with selected features (relative power of the time–frequency domain and wavelet-estimated EEG-specific waves, Higuchi fractal dimension (HFD), and information-oriented approximate entropy (AppEn)). We found that alpha, beta, gamma, theta waves, and AppEn are the most suitable measures, which, when combined with specific syllogisms, form a powerful tool for efficiently classifying healthy subjects and patients with AN. We assessed the performance of triadic combinations of “feature–classifier–syllogism” via machine learning techniques in correctly classifying new subjects in these two groups. The following triads attain the best classifications: (a) “AppEn-invalid-ensemble BT classifier” (accuracy 83.3%), (b) “Higuchi FD-valid-linear discriminant” (accuracy 75%), (c) “alpha amplitude-valid-SVM” (accuracy 83.3%), (d) “alpha RP-paradox-ensemble BT” (accuracy 85%), (e) “beta RP-valid-ensemble” (accuracy 85%), (f) “gamma RP-valid-SVM” (accuracy 85%), and (g) “theta RP-valid-KNN” (accuracy 80%). Our findings suggest that anorexia nervosa has a specific information-processing style across reasoning tasks in the brain as measured via EEG activity. Our findings also contribute to further supporting the view that entropy-oriented, i.e., information-based features (the AppEn measure used in this study) are promising diagnostic tools (biomarkers) in clinical applications related to medical classification problems. Furthermore, the main EEG-specific frequency waves are extremely enhanced and become powerful classification tools when combined with Aristotle’s syllogisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Using Electroencephalogram-Extracted Nonlinear Complexity and Wavelet-Extracted Power Rhythm Features during the Performance of Demanding Cognitive Tasks (Aristotle’s Syllogisms) in Optimally Classifying Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

Karavia,

Papaioannou,

Michopoulos

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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“…EDA has further been used in research into anorexia by Léonard, Pepinà, Bond, and Treasure (1998), who observed an increase of the SCL during the meal in anorectics, while premeal SCLs were lower in bulimics than in anorectics and controls. Female binge eaters maintained higher SCLs during exposure to and consume of food compared to controls (V€ ogele & Florin, 1997).…”

Section: Eda In Other Medical and Psychological Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodermal Activity

Boucsein

2012

1,613

1,589

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except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Foreword to the Second EditionAs noted by David Lykken in the foreword to the first edition of this book, electrodermal activity was observed for the first time in Germany. A quartercentury later the scientific study of psychology also originated in Germany. Over time, however, the focus of psychological research, including the then new field of psychophysiology, shifted to the United States and Great Britain. This trend to the dominance of the United States and Great Britain was prolonged by the devastation of World War II and its aftermath in Germany (and elsewhere in continental Europe). Slowly at first and then more rapidly, German psychological science, including psychophysiology, recovered. For several decades German psychophysiologists have been a major force in psychophysiology. With the publication of the first English edition of this book in 1992, it became essential for electrodermal researchers worldwide again to learn from our German colleagues.When I came into psychophysiology in the mid-1960s, electrodermal activity was the most common system studied. Because of its popularity, a large literature had emerged on the physiological mechanisms producing these changes in the electrical properties of the skin and on the best methodology for recording them. Major reviews and/or chapters had been published or soon were to be published by Peter Venables and Irene Martin, Robert Edelberg, and David Lykken. Later reviews and articles were published by Venables and Margaret Christie, and by me. A chapter in 1990 by Michael Dawson, Anne Schell, and Diane Filion was especially noteworthy for its coverage of the psychological applications of electrodermal measures.Note that all these publications were journal articles and chapters and that most of them focused almost entirely on mechanisms and methodology. The publication of this book, first in German and then in English, provided the first book on electrodermal activity, and one that extensively covers psychological applications as well as mechanisms and methodology. Again to quote David Lykken back in 1992, "The return of German scholarship to what I shall loftily call the high table of psychophysiology is exemplified by this fine book, the most comprehensive treatise on the electrodermal system to appear in any language . . ." I completely agree with v that evaluation. Professor Boucsein's outstanding scholarship has produced a book of such breadth of coverage ...

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“…They salivate less to food cues, 50 have lower preferences for fat-sweet substances, 51,52 eat more slowly, 53 and, when eating, have an autonomic arousal response with increased skin conductance. 54 All these findings suggest that central control of eating, particularly that involving the hedonic system, is disrupted in AN. Brain Neurochemistry in AN Anomalies in the central neurochemistry involved in the control of eating behaviour have been found in AN, but most of the work has used indirect measures.…”

Section: The Central Anatomy and Psychophysiology In Response To Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting beneath the Phenotype of Anorexia Nervosa: The Search for Viable Endophenotypes and Genotypes

Treasure

2007

Can J Psychiatry

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Treatment for anorexia nervosa has changed little from that described by Gull over a century ago. To focus merely on symptomatic relief from "not eating," as occurs with some forms of hospital care, is primitive. The evidence base to guide treatment is thin. Nevertheless, there is hope that better understanding of the causes and maintaining factors may translate into more sophisticated treatments. This review aims to look beyond the overt and startling "not eating" phenotype of anorexia nervosa and consider eating disorder endophenotypes. The first part of the review sets the eating behaviour, clinical, and psychopathological features into the context of what is now understood about the central control of appetite. The evidence base for a framework of potential eating disorder endophenotypes follows. Finally, ideas about how to translate endophenotypes into treatment are introduced. Clinical Implications· New treatments for AN that are specifically tailored to address risk factors (causal or maintaining) may improve the outcome of AN. · Cognitive remediation addressing how AN sufferers think (for example, the superiority of detail over global processing and the difficulty in changing set) rather than thought content could be used to change compulsive elements of the psychopathology. · The vulnerability and plasticity of the reward and motivation pathways in adolescence may explain how a failure of treatment early in the course of the illness may lead to a poor outcome. Limitations· This is not a systematic review of risk factors for AN. · Little to no research exists examining how genetic factors moderate or mediate some of the biological aspects of AN. · Some aspects of the eating disorder phenotype are moderated by environmental factors, and research designs that examine interactions between fixed and fluid aspects of the psychopathology are needed.

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Assessment of test-meal induced autonomic arousal in anorexic, bulimic and control females

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Using Electroencephalogram-Extracted Nonlinear Complexity and Wavelet-Extracted Power Rhythm Features during the Performance of Demanding Cognitive Tasks (Aristotle’s Syllogisms) in Optimally Classifying Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

Using Electroencephalogram-Extracted Nonlinear Complexity and Wavelet-Extracted Power Rhythm Features during the Performance of Demanding Cognitive Tasks (Aristotle’s Syllogisms) in Optimally Classifying Patients with Anorexia Nervosa

Electrodermal Activity

Getting beneath the Phenotype of Anorexia Nervosa: The Search for Viable Endophenotypes and Genotypes

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