Assessment of Texapon N 70 microemulsion confined in PVA/ gel for removal of wax stain from marbled endpapers dating back to the 19th century

Abstract

 Marbled endpapers of a printed book explaining agriculture written in French and dating back to the 19 th century was used.  Multi-analytical protocol was carried out to determine the gel cleaning performance and efficiency.  The SEM examination of paper samples before cleaning illustrated the topography of wax layer that covered the paper surface, making it difficult to distinguish the fibers morphology.  The results demonstrated that Texapon microemulsion could be safe and effective for removing wax stain from marbled paper.