Assessment of the 2D:4D ratio in aggression-related injuries in children attending a paediatric emergency department

O’Briain, D.; Dawson, Pippa; Kelly, John; Connolly, P.

doi:10.1007/s11845-016-1524-5

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Many hypothesis-driven studies have shown associations between 2D: 4D and severe diseases. For example, lower (prenatally more androgenized) 2D:4D has been reported in individuals with poorer health (Rapoza 2017 ), prostate cancer (Mendes et al 2016 ), primary brain tumors (Bunevicius et al 2016 ), alcohol dependence (Kornhuber et al 2011 ; Han et al 2016 ; Lenz et al 2017 ), anorexia nervosa in females (Quinton et al 2011 ), Alzheimer’s disease in females (Vladeanu et al 2014 ), and aggression-related injuries (Joyce et al 2013 ; O’Briain et al 2017 ). In addition, we recently provided the initial evidence for lower 2D:4D values in males who had died from suicide in comparison to males with other causes of death (Lenz et al 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, we used a hypothesis-free approach to further explore associations with specific causes of death, as defined by WHO. Many studies have shown sex-dependent relationships between 2D:4D and illness with stronger or exclusively significant associations in males, suggesting that prenatal sex hormone priming might be more relevant to lifetime health status in males in comparison to females (Martin et al 1999 ; Bailey and Hurd 2005 ; Martel et al 2008 ; Collinson et al 2010 ; Kyriakidis et al 2010 ; Kornhuber et al 2011 ; Nicolás Hopp et al 2013 ; Portnoy et al 2015 ; Lenz et al 2016 , 2017 ; Rapoza 2017 ) (but see also: Smedley et al 2014 ; O’Briain et al 2017 ). Thus, we analyzed sex-specifically whether normalized 2D:4D correlated with normalized life expectancy, suicide rates, and death rates from other causes across nations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cross-national gender variations of digit ratio (2D:4D) correlate with life expectancy, suicide rate, and other causes of death

Lenz

Kornhuber

2017

J Neural Transm

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The second-to-fourth finger length ratio (2D:4D) is an indication of prenatal sex hormone exposure, and has sex-specifically been associated with several lethal illnesses including ischemic heart disease, diverse cancers, and suicide. Our primary aim was to verify that 2D:4D sex-specifically relates to life expectancy and suicide numbers on a national level (23 countries). We also used a hypothesis-free approach to investigate associations with other causes of death [p value adjustment for multiple hypothesis testing using the false discovery rate procedure (FDR)]. All parameters were normalized to the national mean (of males and females) and analyzed across nations. Normalized male 2D:4D correlated positively with normalized male life expectancy (at birth, r = 0.46, p = 0.029; at the age of 60, r = 0.44, p = 0.038) and negatively with normalized male suicide rates (r = − 0.49, p = 0.017). In the exploratory analyses, the normalized male 2D:4D values were negatively associated with the normalized male deaths rates from communicable, maternal, perinatal, and nutritional conditions [r = − 0.65, p(FDR) = 0.011], respiratory infections [r = − 0.69, p(FDR) = 0.008], asthma [r = − 0.65, p(FDR) = 0.011], neurological conditions [r = − 0.56, p(FDR) = 0.046], and Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias [r = − 0.59, p(FDR) = 0.036]. The normalized female parameters showed the same cross-national correlations. In line with the previous individual level findings, the results suggest that prenatal sex hormone effects are sex-specifically involved in suicide and neurological conditions. Moreover, we provide novel national level evidence that prenatal sex hormone priming may sex-specifically influence life expectancy and death risk from respiratory diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-national gender variations of digit ratio (2D:4D) correlate with life expectancy, suicide rate, and other causes of death

Lenz

Kornhuber

2017

J Neural Transm

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“…Es verwundert daher nicht, dass eine hohe vorgeburtliche Testosteronlast (beim Menschen u. a. erfasst mit Biomarkern wie dem 2D : 4D-Verhältnis) mit einer ganzen Reihe von Beeinträchtigungen über die Lebensspanne assoziiert ist. Dazu zählen beispielsweise ein schlechterer allgemeiner Gesundheitszustand 33 , Verhaltensauffälligkeiten im Kindesalter 34 , aggressionsbedingte Verletzungen 35 , 36 , die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätsstörung 37 , Videospielsucht 38 , süchtige Nutzung sozialer Netzwerke 39 , Suizide 40 , 41 , 42 , Autismus 43 , 44 , Prostatakarzinome 45 , primäre Hirntumoren 46 sowie Binge-Drinking und Alkoholabhängigkeit 29 , 47 , 48 , 49 . Abschließend gibt es erste Hinweise darauf, dass ein kleineres 2D : 4D-Verhältnis als Surrogatmarker für eine höhere vorgeburtliche Testosteronexposition auch mit einer kürzeren Lebenserwartung assoziiert ist 41 , 49 .…”

Section: Langzeitstudien Und Pränatale Testosteronexpositionunclassified

“…It is therefore not surprising that a high antenatal testosterone load (recorded in humans using biomarkers, such as the 2D:4D ratio, among others) is associated with a whole range of impairments throughout life. These include, for example, a worse overall state of health 33 , behavioural problems in childhood 34 , aggression-induced injuries 35 , 36 , attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder 37 , video game addiction 38 , addictive use of social networks 39 , suicide 40 , 41 , 42 , autism 43 , 44 , prostate carcinoma 45 , primary brain tumours 46 as well as binge drinking and alcohol dependence 29 , 47 , 48 , 49 . Finally, there are initial indications that a smaller 2D:4D ratio as a surrogate marker for a higher antenatal testosterone exposure is also associated with a shorter life expectancy 41 , 49 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction in Pregnancy: an App-Based Programme to Improve the Health of Mothers and Children (MINDFUL/PMI Study)

Lenz

Eichler

Schwenke

et al. 2018

Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd

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Unfavourable intrauterine environmental factors increase the risk of delivery complications as well as postpartum developmental and behavioural problems in children and adolescents with ongoing effects into older age. Biomarker studies show that maternal stress and the use of alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy are associated with a higher intrauterine testosterone exposure of the child. The antenatal testosterone load, in turn, is a risk factor for lasting adverse health effects which extend into adulthood. A 15-week, mindfulness-oriented, app-based programme for the reduction of stress as well as for the reduction of alcohol and tobacco use in pregnant women is established. In the monocentre, prospective, controlled, and investigator-blinded MINDFUL/PMI (Maternal Health and Infant Development in the Follow-up after Pregnancy and a Mindfulness Intervention) study, pregnant women carry out the programme. Its effect on antenatal testosterone exposure of the child is examined by assessing the index/ring finger length ratio and other biomarkers in the 1-year-old children. In addition, the programmeʼs effects on self-regulation, the developmental status and the mental health of the children at the age of one year will be investigated. Additional aspects of the course of the pregnancy and delivery represent exploratory study objectives. This longitudinal study project is intended to improve the understanding of the impact of intrauterine environmental factors on early childhood development and health. Maternal stress as well as alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy are modifiable factors and represent potential preventive targets.

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“…Sigurjonsdottir et al (Sigurjonsdottir et al, 2013) found that the type 3 finger ratio was associated with total knee, but not with a total hip replacement. Furthermore, type 3 finger ratio has been reported in individuals with prostate cancer (Mendes et al, 2016), primary brain tumors (Bunevicius et al, 2016), alcohol dependence (Lenz et al, 2017), Alzheimer's disease in females (Vladeanu, Giuffrida, & Bourne, 2014), and aggression-related injuries in children (O'Briain, Dawson, Kelly, & Connolly, 2017). Higher (type 1) finger length ratio has also been associated with lethal disease such as breast cancer (Hong et al, 2014;Muller et al, 2012), cervical dysplasia (Brabin, Roberts, Farzaneh, Fairbrother, & Kitchener, 2008), oral squamous cell carcinoma in males (Nicolas Hopp & Jorge, 2011), gastric cancer (Nicolas Hopp et al, 2013), Alzheimer's disease in males (Vladeanu et al, 2014), coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction (Kyriakidis, Papaioannidou, Pantelidou, Kalles, & Gemitzis, 2010;Lu, Ma, Zhao, & Huo, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finger length ratio in longevity populations

Kalichman

Batsevich

Kobyliansky

2019

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of finger length ratio between three longevity populations (Abkhazians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians) and one nonlongevity population (Russians), as well as between a longevity and nonlongevity sample within one ethnic group (Abkhazians). Methods In a cross‐sectional observational study, we compared the prevalence of finger length ratio in longevity vs nonlongevity samples. Results A negative relationship was observed between longevity index and prevalence of type 1 (feminine type) ratio. In longevity samples, the prevalence of type 1 ratio was lower and the prevalence of type 3 (masculine type) ratio was higher than in the nonlongevity sample of Russians. This difference was statistically significant (P < .001) in both males and females. A similar difference between longevity and nonlongevity samples was exhibited in the Abkhazian samples. In males and females, a significantly higher prevalence of type 1 and lower type 3 finger ratios (P < .001) were shown in the nonlongevity samples. Conclusions Finger length ratio pattern in longevity populations differs from that of nonlongevity populations. In longevity samples, the prevalence of type 1 ratio was lower and the prevalence of type 3 ratio was higher vs the nonlongevity sample. A similar type of difference was seen in the longevity and nonlongevity samples belonging to one ethnic group, the Abkhazians. Previous studies found that the type 1 finger length ratio was related to important morbidities that have a potential for shortening the life span. This can be one of the most plausible explanations for our findings.

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Assessment of the 2D:4D ratio in aggression-related injuries in children attending a paediatric emergency department

Abstract: Aggression injuries occur at an older age and are more common in males. In the female cohort, there was a distinct difference in digit ratio.

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Cross-national gender variations of digit ratio (2D:4D) correlate with life expectancy, suicide rate, and other causes of death

Cross-national gender variations of digit ratio (2D:4D) correlate with life expectancy, suicide rate, and other causes of death

Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction in Pregnancy: an App-Based Programme to Improve the Health of Mothers and Children (MINDFUL/PMI Study)

Finger length ratio in longevity populations

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