Assessment of the ameliorative effect of curcumin on pendimethalin-induced genetic and biochemical toxicity

Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the toxic effects of pendimethalin herbicide and protective role of curcumin using the Allium test on cytological, biochemical and physiological parameters. The effective concentration (EC50) of pendimethalin was determined at 12 mg/L by the root growth inhibition test as the concentration reducing the root length by 50%. The roots of Allium cepa L. was treated with tap water (group I), 5 mg/L curcumin (group II), 10 mg/L curcumin (group III), 12 mg/L pendimethalin (group IV), 12 mg/L pendimethalin + 5 mg/L curcumin (group V) and 12 mg/L pendimethalin + 10 mg/L curcumin (group VI). The cytological (mitotic index, chromosomal abnormalities and DNA damage), physiological (rooting percentage, root length, growth rate and weight gain) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde level, superoxide dismutase level, catalase level and glutathione reductase level) indicators were determined after 96 h of treatment. The results revealed that pendimethalin treatment reduced rooting percentage, root length, growth rate and weight gain whereas induced chromosomal abnormalities and DNA damage in roots of A. cepa L. Further, pendimethalin exposure elevated malondialdehyde level followed by antioxidant enzymes. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were up-regulated and glutathione reductase was down-regulated. The molecular docking supported the antioxidant enzymes activities result. However, a dose-dependent reduction of pendimethalin toxicity was observed when curcumin was supplied with pendimethalin. The maximum recovery of cytological, physiological and oxidative stress parameters was recorded at 10 mg/L concentration of curcumin. The correlation studies also revealed positive relation of curcumin with rooting percentage, root length, weight gain, mitotic activity and glutathione reductase enzyme level while an inverse correlation was observed with chromosomal abnormalities, DNA damage, superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation indicating its protective effect.

Exposure of Pisum sativum L. Seeds to Methomyl and Imidacloprid Cause Genotoxic Effects in Pollen-Mother Cells

“…The genotoxic effect of ME and IM found in this study could have partly been due to the oxidative stress caused by these agents. Several studies showed that these chemicals change the redox status of plant cells, which supports this theory [ 54 , 55 ]. Under the experimental settings used in this study, ME and IM had a potent genotoxic effect on the P. sativum plant.…”

Monitoring genotoxic, biochemical and morphotoxic potential of penoxsulam and the protective role of European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract

“…The presence of micronuclei, fragments and bridges demonstrates the clastogenic effects 65 – 67 . CAs like c-mitosis, vagrant chromosome and unequal distribution of chromatin may be originated due to the intervention of chemicals in spindle formation 68 , 69 . Kaya and Gül 70 reported the antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of blueberry extract.…”

Alcohol-induced liver injury in signalling pathways and curcumin's therapeutic potential

“…Concurrently, its antioxidative prowess has a significant role in harmonizing the CYP2E1/ROS/Nrf2 pathway, thereby neutralizing the oxidative stress pivotal in alcohol-induced liver degeneration. Curcumin shows promise in clinical applications, but rigorous research is crucial to confirm its safety and effectiveness across various health conditions [118] , [119] .…”