Assessment of the BTEX concentrations and reactivity in a confined parking area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Castro, Barbara Prestes de; Machado, G.; Bauerfeldt, Glauco F.; Fortes, Conceição Juana; Martins, Eduardo Monteiro

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.013

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 levels were significantly higher in older children classrooms (p < 0.05), while the PM1 levels were higher but only in winter. Other research reported an analogous relationship between the classrooms of younger and older children [18], and indicated a potential reason for this being the cumulative effect of three major conditions: high occupancy, poor ventilation and the intensive activities of children resulting in the PM resuspension phenomenon [19]. Table 2).…”

Section: Volatile Organic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of air pollutants in rural nursery school – a case study

Mainka

Zajusz-Zubek

Kozielska

et al. 2018

E3S Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Children's exposure to air pollutants is an important public health challenge. Indoor air quality (IAQ) in nursery school is believed to be different from elementary school. Moreover, younger children are more vulnerable to air pollution than higher grade children because they spend more time indoors, and their immune systems and bodies are less mature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the indoor air quality (IAQ) at naturally ventilated rural nursery schools located in Upper Silesia, Poland. We investigated the concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM), bacterial and fungal bioaerosols, as well as carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in younger and older children's classrooms during the winter and spring seasons. The concentration of the investigated pollutants in indoor environments was higher than those in outdoor air. The results indicate the problem of elevated concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 inside the examined classrooms, as well as that of high levels of CO2 exceeding 1,000 ppm in relation to outdoor air. The characteristics of PM and CO2 levels were significantly different, both in terms of classroom occupation (younger or older children) and of season (winter or spring).

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Section: Volatile Organic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of air pollutants in rural nursery school – a case study

Mainka

Zajusz-Zubek

Kozielska

et al. 2018

E3S Web of Conferences

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“…Additionally, the levels of BTEX in outdoor were dependent on vehicle emission [3,4]. This suggests that characteristics and density of vehicles, parking characteristics might be the most important factor influencing BTEX levels [8]. Since the concentration of ethyl-benzene was below the limit level in most cases, it was not included in the estimation for risk assessment.…”

Section: Results and Discussion 31 Variation Of Btex Indoor And Oumentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure Assessment of Btex Compounds Among Safeguards in Underground Parking Garages in High Buildings in Hanoi

Hà¹,

Hương²,

Hằng³

et al. 2020

JST

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Hệ thống đỗ xe nhiều tầng có khả năng phát sinh các chất có nồng độ cao BTEX ( Benzene (B), Toluene (T), Ethyl benzene (E) và Xylene (X)), là những chất gây ảnh hưởng xấu đến sức khỏe con người. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là xác định nồng độ BTEX, nguồn phát sinh và đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe đối những người bảo vệ làm việc tại các bãi đỗ xe hầm tại một số tòa nhà cao tầng Hà Nội. 27 mẫu khí được lấy chủ động và phân tích bằng GC/FID. Mô hình đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe được sử dụng dựa trên liều lượng hấp thụ hàng ngày (CDI) và hệ số ung thư (SF). Benenze, Toluene, Xylene đã được phát hiện tại các hệ thống đỗ xe tầng hầm được khảo sát, loại trừ Ethyl Benenze. Nồng độ trung bình được phát hiện là 16,99 µg/m3, 200,36 µg/m3 and 625,22 µg/m3 đối với B, T và X, tương ứng. Phát thải từ xăng dầu và khí thải động cơ là hai nguồn chính đóng góp vào phát sinh BTEX. Rủi ro không ung thư đối với Toluene và Xylene là thấp do HQ <1. Rủi ro ung thư đối với Benzene là trung bình do hệ số ung thư trọn đời vượt qua giá trị ngưỡng của EPA (10-6).

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“…Fifteen samples were collected in duplicate from inside each of the workshops between the months of December 2014 and February 2015, between 8 AM and 2 PM, the period of intensive work in these places. The four air pumps (KNF UNMP 850KNDC) operated at 700 mL min -1 for 3 h using double bed (100/50 mg) coconut shell cartridges (SKC 226-01) according to several previous studies [4], [16]- [19].…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Pollution: Btex in Occupational Environments

Felzenszwalb

Ferraz

Fernandes

et al. 2018

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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The BTEX group (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylene) is part of the list of volatile organic compounds which cause damage to a worker's health, especially in an indoor occupational environment, where these substances dissipate with greater difficulty. Thus, the present work evaluated the concentrations, mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of the BTEX group in the indoor air of workshops involving painting and varnishing. The chemical analyses were carried out using HPLC coupled to mass spectrometry. The mutagenic and cytotoxicity potentials were determined using the Salmonella/microsome and WST/LDH assays, respectively. The concentrations of each constituent of the BTEX group were below the limits established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and toluene presented the highest value. Moreover, these compounds did not induce mutagenic activity in the TA98 and TA100 Salmonella typhimurium strains either in the presence or absence of metabolization, and no cytotoxic effects were observed in the A549 human lung cells. These results may be related to the low BTEX values found in the occupational environment, as can be seen in some other studies. Nevertheless, at low concentrations these compounds may cause toxicity by a pathway not investigated in this study or may have interacted with other non-monitored air constituents, reducing their toxicity. The present study sought to obtain more information and clarifications regarding occupational exposure to BTEX, contributing to the risk assessment of the workers exposed to these substances.

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Assessment of the BTEX concentrations and reactivity in a confined parking area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Investigation of air pollutants in rural nursery school – a case study

Investigation of air pollutants in rural nursery school – a case study

Exposure Assessment of Btex Compounds Among Safeguards in Underground Parking Garages in High Buildings in Hanoi

Indoor Air Pollution: Btex in Occupational Environments

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