Assessment of the development of assisted reproductive technology in Liaoning province of China, from 2012 to 2016

Abstract

BackgroundThe development of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) has resulted in rapid advances in the treatment of infertility. However, a systematic assessment of ART and its processes and outcomes in China has never been carried out. The goal of this study was to assess the features of ART status from 2012 to 2016 in clinics and in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratories in Liaoning, the largest IVF province in the northeast of China.MethodsData from Jan 1, 2012 to Dec 31, 2016 was retrieved from the assisted reproductive certificate registry of Liaoning province. We extracted data from: i) fresh and thawed cycles; ii) donor sperm and donor egg cycles; iii) intrauterine insemination with husband semen and donor semen (AIH and AID).ResultsWe showed that: (i) there has been a significant increase in the number of IVF fresh and thawed cycles, and the proportion of cases of primary infertility and secondary infertility has decreased and increased, respectively; (ii) standard long GnRH agonist was the major ovarian stimulation protocol. During the observation period, increasing trends in the use of GnRH antagonists, mild stimulation, and natural cycles were observed; (iii) significant differences in the number of cycles, number of retrieved oocytes, fertilization rates, implantation rates, and sex ratio were noticed between conventional IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection; (iv) significant differences in age at treatment for infertility, number of cycles, and ectopic pregnancy rates were noticed between donor sperm cycles and donor egg cycles; (v) significant differences in number of thawed cycles, number of thawed embryos, embryo recovery rates, implantation rates, and clinical pregnancy rates were noticed between day 3 and day 5 embryos; (vi) significant differences in age at treatment for infertility, number of cycles, clinical pregnancy rates, ectopic pregnancy rates, and live birth ratio were noticed between AIH and AID.ConclusionsART in Liaoning province has undergone substantial development from 2012 to 2016 in clinics and IVF laboratories. This presentation of detailed ART data will provide researchers, policy makers, and potential ART users a rich source of information about IVF characteristics in the northeast of China.

Precise Personalized Medicine in Gynecology Cancer and Infertility

“…While EBM looks these three cornerstone of evidence in a broad way, clinical decisions made on these evidence can be more individual and precise (Martins et al, 2018). Clinicians can adjust the dosages of hCG based on patients' remaining ovarian reserve and BMI, select specific fertilization techniques according to sperm features and clinical background, and monitor embryo development in vitro (Fang et al, 2018). In addition, gene profiles are a more precise guide to treatment.…”

“…The success rate has been elevated, but it is still approximately 40%, which is consistent with the data provided from other regions. In summary, efficiency is a problem that urgently needs to be solved, and reproductive medicine should be more precise (Fang et al, 2018).…”

Association of Alcohol Intake and Semen Parameters in Men With Primary and Secondary Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…According to information collected by Boivin et al (2007) approximately 15% of couples of reproductive age suffer infertility. In Northeast China, 18% male-only factors and 20% combined male and female infertility were found in assisted reproductive technology (ART) patients (Fang et al, 2018). Infertility patterns are conventionally divided into primary and secondary types; the former indicates a failure to become pregnant after 1 year, and the latter indicates an inability to become pregnant after 1 year after previously having fathered one or more biological children (Mohamed et al, 2017).…”

“…Infertility patterns are conventionally divided into primary and secondary types; the former indicates a failure to become pregnant after 1 year, and the latter indicates an inability to become pregnant after 1 year after previously having fathered one or more biological children (Mohamed et al, 2017). Previous studies have shown that the proportion of primary infertility decreased while the proportion of secondary infertility increased in China from 2012 to 2016 (Fang et al, 2018).…”

Compound heterozygosity for novel AURKC mutations in an infertile man with macrozoospermia

“…The WHO reported that approximately 15% of couples worldwide and 7% of the male population have infertility (Krausz & Riera‐Escamilla, 2018; Sahin, Urkmez, Verit, Yuksel, & Verit, 2017). In Northeast China, 18% male‐only factors and 20% combined male and female infertility were found in assisted reproductive technology (ART) patients (Fang et al., 2018). A number of factors could induce male infertility, including genetics, environment and lifestyle (Hotaling & Carrell, 2014; Yao & Mills, 2016).…”