Assessment of the Effect of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations on Gas Evolution During Heat Treatment of Thermoanthracite Carbon Material

Ivanenko, Olena; Panov, Yevgen; Gomelia, Nikolai; Vahin, A. V.; Leleka, Serhii

doi:10.12911/22998993/116326

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, the origin of carbon monoxide cannot be solely attributed to dehydration or decarboxylation reactions. Existing literature [44] suggests an elevated generation of carbon monoxide, possibly through reactions with carbon dioxide and water vapor, with the quantity increasing as the temperature rises. The involvement of mineral substances as catalysts in these reactions is plausible, especially since the torrefaction of willow produced a relatively larger amount of carbon monoxide than biomass containing significantly less mineral content.…”

Section: Tg/ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction of Willow in Batch Reactor and Co-Firing of Torrefied Willow with Coal

Unyay,

Piersa,

Zabochnicka

et al. 2023

Energies

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The torrefaction process represents a thermal conversion technique conducted at relatively low temperatures ranging between 200 to 300 °C. Its objective is to produce fuel with a higher energy density by decomposing the reactive portion of hemicellulose. In this study, the kinetics of mass loss during torrefaction were investigated for willow. The experiments were carried out under isothermal conditions using thermogravimetric analysis. Batch torrefaction reactor designs were conducted and explained in detail. Co-combustion of willow with hard coal (origin: Katowice mine) in different mass ratios (25% biomass + 75% coal, 50% biomass + 50% coal, and 75% biomass + 25% coal) was conducted in addition to raw biomass torrefaction. TG/MS analysis (a combination of thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry analysis) was performed in the research. The optimal torrefaction conditions for willow were identified as an average temperature of 245 °C and a residence time of 14 min, resulting in the lowest mass loss (30.15%). However, it was noted that the composition of torgas, a by-product of torrefaction, presents challenges in providing a combustible gas with sufficient heat flux to meet the energy needs of the process. Prolonged residence times over 15 min and higher average temperatures above 250 °C lead to excessive energy losses from volatile torrefaction products, making them suboptimal for willow. On the other hand, the co-combustion of torrefied biomass with hard coal offers advantages in reduced sulfur emissions but can lead to increased NOx emissions when biomass with a higher nitrogen content is co-combusted in proportions exceeding 50% biomass. This paper summarizes findings related to optimizing torrefaction conditions, challenges in torgas composition, and the emissions implications of co-combustion.

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Section: Tg/ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction of Willow in Batch Reactor and Co-Firing of Torrefied Willow with Coal

Unyay,

Piersa,

Zabochnicka

et al. 2023

Energies

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“…The list of environmentally hazardous objects of Zaporizhzhia (Ukraine) includes PJSC "Ukrainian Graphite" -a well-known manufacturer of graphite electrodes for electric smelters and other types of electric furnaces, commercial carbon masses for electrodes [17][18][19]. This company together with other industrial companies-polluters of Zaporizhzhia, whose emissions make up 60-70 % of the total gross amount of pollutant emissions, makes a major contribution to the air pollution of the city.…”

Section: Suggested Solution To the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Risk Assessment for Critical Infrastructure Protection With the Use of Risk Matrix

Ivanenko

2020

ScienceRise

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The object of research: risk assessment for critical infrastructure protection in Ukraine. Investigated problem: adaptation and implementation of European Union’s approach to the risk assessment for critical infrastructure for the conditions of Ukraine. The main scientific results: The most relevant types of threats of natural and man-made origin for the security of critical infrastructure in Ukraine are investigated. The adaptation and implementation of European Union’s approach to the risk assessment for critical infrastructure for the conditions of Ukraine is realized. For this the character of changes of natural and man-made emergencies in Ukraine in the context of impact on critical infrastructure is investigated. The risk of economic losses due to emergencies in Ukraine has been evaluated with the use of risk matrix, taking into account the adapted approach applied in the European Union. Field of practical use of research results: Critical infrastructure facility including systems and physical or virtual resources that provide functions and services, failure of which can lead to significant negative consequences for society, social and economic development of the country and ensuring national security. Among them the most important are objects of electric-power industry, especially important objects of the oil and gas industry; units of the state government and local administration; objects of possible terrorist attacks; facilities subject to protection and defense in emergencies and during special periods; facilities subject to mandatory protection by the State Protection Service under contracts. Innovative technology product: methodology for assessing threats and risks to critical infrastructure, which can greatly contribute to the development of measures to prevent and minimize the negative consequences of emergencies possible in Ukraine at critical infrastructure objects. Scope of the innovative technology product: state system for critical infrastructure protection in Ukraine.

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“…It is necessary to emphasize, that the technology of catalytic CO oxidation is rather well worked out only for motor transport [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of carbon monoxide oxidation reactor for multi-chamber furnaces for baking electrode blanks

et al. 2023

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The article highlights the development of cheap affordable highly efficient catalytic oxidation system of harmful components of industrial flue gases of carbon graphite enterprises, its design features according to the parameters of furnace equipment, which will significantly improve the environmental safety of metallurgical and machine-building enterprises. The presented calculation and design solutions, in addition to carbon production, can be used in environmental protection technologies at other environmentally hazardous facilities to neutralize toxic emissions. The paper presents the calculation of the catalytic CO oxidation reactor made for the real flow rate of flue gases with temperature range 270−390 ºC, which come out of the combustion chamber of the Riedhammer "first fire" kiln, heated by the flue gases. For such medium exothermic processes, mass and heat transfer between gas flow and the outer surface of the catalyst grains is sufficient intense. In this case for description of the catalytic process in the reactor is sufficient to use quasi-homogeneous single-phase model. The model of plug-flow reactor with a fixed bed of catalyst was used to calculate the flow parameters of the gas mixture through a reactor loaded with a composite zeolite-based manganese-oxide catalyst in the process of catalytic CO oxidation. The calculation results obtained using the software CHEMCAD 7.1.5 were almost identical to the previously made calculation. The peculiarity of the suggested solution was the use of the designed catalytic reactor for treatment of large volume of flue gases with low concentrations of CO at the companies of electrode carbon graphite production

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Assessment of the Effect of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations on Gas Evolution During Heat Treatment of Thermoanthracite Carbon Material

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Torrefaction of Willow in Batch Reactor and Co-Firing of Torrefied Willow with Coal

Torrefaction of Willow in Batch Reactor and Co-Firing of Torrefied Willow with Coal

Implementation of Risk Assessment for Critical Infrastructure Protection With the Use of Risk Matrix

The development of carbon monoxide oxidation reactor for multi-chamber furnaces for baking electrode blanks

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