Assessment of the effect of sub-lethal acute toxicity of Emamectin benzoate in Labeo rohita using multiple biomarker approach

Kumar, Vikas; Swain, Himanshu Sekhar; Das, Basanta Kumar; Roy, Subhrajit; Upadhyay, Aurobinda; Ramteke, Mitesh Hiradas; Kole, Ramen Kumar; Banerjee, Hemanta

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.01.001

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is a macrocyclic lactone agrochemical obtained from the natural fermentation of the soil‐dwelling actinomycetes 2 . EMB could be wildly used as insecticides, acaricides or bactericides in agriculture and veterinary medicine with high bioactivity and broad spectrum 3 . The total amount of EMB used is the fastest growing among natural product pesticides from 2007 to 2012 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 EMB could be wildly used as insecticides, acaricides or bactericides in agriculture and veterinary medicine with high bioactivity and broad spectrum. 3 The total amount of EMB used is the fastest growing among natural product pesticides from 2007 to 2012. 4 EMB could spread into the environment in the form of binding to soils or sediment and have a long degradation with a half-life time of over 120 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP‐1 macrophages

Wei

Wang

et al. 2022

Environmental Toxicology

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Emamectin benzoate (EMB) as one of the typical biological pesticides has a wide range of applications in agriculture. However, the immune toxic effects of EMB in human received limited attention. In our study, THP-1 macrophage as an in vitro model was used to evaluate immune functions exposed to EMB. We observed that EMB inhibited phagocytic activity and respiratory burst capacity of macrophages without inducing cellular toxicity, implying the potential immunosuppression.Besides, EMB disturbed the cytokines balance embodied in the increase of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL27, CXCL8 mRNA expression and the decrease of IL-4, IL-13, IL-10 mRNA expression. EMB could exhibit pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages and promote the conversion of macrophages to M1 phenotype. Moreover, NF-κB pathway involved in regulating immune function from KEGG pathway analysis. EMB exposure could activate the NF-κB pathway in THP-1 macrophages by exploring the critical proteins. This research provided insights on immunotoxicity evaluation and clarified EMB-induced immunotoxicity was related to NF-κB pathway activation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP‐1 macrophages

Wei

Wang

et al. 2022

Environmental Toxicology

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“…Clarias gariepinus juveniles are highly sensitive to Ivermectin, with a LC50 of 15 µg/L under static conditions [13]. Studies found that Emamectin benzoate altered the blood factors in Labeo rohita [14], in Oreochromis niloticus [15] and in C. gariepinus [13].…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemoatopoietic Alterations Induced by Cotton Insecticide Thalis 112 EC (Emamectin Benzoate 48 g/L, Acetamiprid 64 g/L) in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus

AGBOHESSI¹,

HOUNDJI²,

OUEDRAOGO³

et al. 2022

J Toxicol Risk Assess

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Thalis 112 EC is the trade name of a binary insecticide (Emamectin benzoate 48 g/L, Acetamiprid 64 g/L) used in cotton growing in Benin. These compounds can lead to extensive side effects on the inhabitants living in that exposed area. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of chronic exposure to this pesticide on the immune status of Clarias gariepinus. Thus, 300 juveniles of C. gariepinus (average weight 30.0 ± 2.64g) were exposed in glass aquariums to sub-lethal concentrations of Thalis (T0 = 0.0; T1= 0.03; T2 = 0.06; T3 = 0.12; T4 = 0.25 and T5 = 0.49 ppm) for 28 days. The stocking density is 14 fish per tank filled with 25 L of test solution. The test took place in a semistatic system with 50% renewal of the test solutions every 48 h. It appears from the study that the presence of Thalis leads to an increase in WBC in C. gariepinus. As for Total immunoglobulin, the presence of a low concentration (T1) of the pesticide leads to an increase followed by a decrease as the concentration increases. However, Thalis did not induce a significant effect on PCV, Hb and Erythrocyte constants (MCV, MCH and MCHC), even though Hb and these Erythrocyte constants showed an increasing trend. The RBC also showed an increasing trend. This haematological profile obtained with C. gariepinus exposed to Thalis is probably linked to the binarity of this toxin made up of molecules from various families whose modes of action are different. It is concluded that indiscriminate use of such pesticides poses a noxious threat to non-target organisms, harm the ecosystems and jeopardizes human health.

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“…It is adjusted to laboratory conditions easily. Many studies have been done to investigate the changes in the hematology of Labeo rohita treated with emamectin benzoate [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera in emamectin benzoate induced toxicity in freshwater Labeo rohita fish

Jamil,

Shabbir,

A. Hasnain

et al. 2024

IJBCh

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Emamectin benzoate pesticide (EMB) is life-threatening chemical causing harmful effects on aquatic organisms specially fish species. Current study was aimed to understand the ameliorative role of Moringa oleifera against the toxic effects of emamectin benzoate on hematological, biochemical and changes in the soft tissues of Labeo rohita. Four groups were made. First group without chemicals is the control group, while 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were exposed to 3.64µg/L, 7.28µg/L and 14.56µg/L EMB respectively for 30 days. Results revealed that the number of RBCs, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and WBCs were decreased while lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and platelets were increased significantly. Biochemical parameters of fish including serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, albumin, globulin, blood glucose, ALT, AST, TSH, urea, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were significantly increased while HDL, total protein, T3 and T4 were decreased. Histological changes revealed that EMB causes degenerative effects in soft tissues of exposed fish. After using Moringa oleifera, all the effects were reversed and the fish was moved towards recovery. The overall results of the study showed that emamectin benzoate can alter the histological, hematological, and biochemical processes of Labeo rohita, thus toxic to aquatic organisms.

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Assessment of the effect of sub-lethal acute toxicity of Emamectin benzoate in Labeo rohita using multiple biomarker approach

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 25 publications

References 56 publications

The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP‐1 macrophages

The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP‐1 macrophages

Haemoatopoietic Alterations Induced by Cotton Insecticide Thalis 112 EC (Emamectin Benzoate 48 g/L, Acetamiprid 64 g/L) in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus

The potential ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera in emamectin benzoate induced toxicity in freshwater Labeo rohita fish

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