Assessment of the effect of the through-thickness strain/stress gradient on the formability of stretch-bend metal sheets

Morales-Palma, Domingo; Vallellano, C.; García-Lomas, F.J.

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2013.03.086

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The following deformation model is an extension of a stretch-bending model developed in a previous work [11]. This model assumed that the sheet adapts to the punch geometry in an earlier stage mainly by bending followed by a dominant stretching process until the sheet failure is reached.…”

Section: Stretch-bending Deformation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that dε 1 = dr/r from Equation (7), it is convenient to change the variable r for ε 1 in Equation (11) and write the radial equilibrium equation as…”

Section: Stretch-bending Deformation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent research work [11,18,19], the present authors developed a mesoscopic approach to predict failure in stretch-bent sheets. The proposed necking model combines the concepts of CSR and critical distance to predict the failure of the sheet.…”

Section: Critical-distance Rule For Neckingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous works, the sheet failure was characterised in terms of principal strains [19] or principal stresses, which was more appropriate to analyse non-proportional strain paths [11]. In both cases, the experimental data were successfully analysed.…”

Section: Critical-distance Rule For Neckingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous work, the present authors proposed a natural improvement of the CSR [11]. The model assumes that necking should be controlled by the development of damage in a material volume located at the inner side of the sheet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Use of Maximum Force Criteria to Predict Localised Necking in Metal Sheets under Stretch-Bending

Morales-Palma

Martínez-Donaire

Vallellano

2017

Metals

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Abstract:The maximum force criteria and their derivatives, the Swift and Hill criteria, have been extensively used in the past to study sheet formability. Many extensions or modifications of these criteria have been proposed to improve necking predictions under only stretching conditions. This work analyses the maximum force principle under stretch-bending conditions and develops two different approaches to predict necking. The first is a generalisation of classical maximum force criteria to stretch-bending processes. The second approach is an extension of a previous work of the authors based on critical distance concepts, suggesting that necking of the sheet is controlled by the damage of a critical material volume located at the inner side of the sheet. An analytical deformation model is proposed to characterise the stretch-bending process under plane-strain conditions. Different parameters are considered, such as the thickness reduction, the gradient of variables through the sheet thickness, the thickness stress and the anisotropy of the material. The proposed necking models have been successfully applied to predict the failure in different materials, such as steel, brass and aluminium.

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Section: Stretch-bending Deformation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that dε 1 = dr/r from Equation (7), it is convenient to change the variable r for ε 1 in Equation (11) and write the radial equilibrium equation as…”

Section: Stretch-bending Deformation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical-distance Rule For Neckingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical-distance Rule For Neckingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

On the Use of Maximum Force Criteria to Predict Localised Necking in Metal Sheets under Stretch-Bending

Morales-Palma

Martínez-Donaire

Vallellano

2017

Metals

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Microstructure, Anisotropy and Formability Evolution of an Annealed AISI 430 Stainless Steel Sheet

Abarzúa

Hernandez-Duran

Minh³

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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Stainless steel represents a large family of iron-based alloys of which the principal characteristic is its good corrosion resistance. Nowadays, ferritic stainless steels (FSSs) are widely accepted for use in a wide variety of applications, as, for example, structural framework and body panels for buses and cars, [1] not to mention that it is much cheaper than 300 series stainless steels. One of its disadvantages is that it is more susceptible to corrosion than the 300 series grades because its main alloying element is chromium. [2] The FSS has an excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracks, pitting, and crevice-type of corrosions. Furthermore, this stainless-steel grade shows a low strain hardening rate, which allows them to be easily deformed by any metal working process.Steels are strengthened by various possible mechanisms of hardening. Hardening by plastic deformation is one of the most important methods of strengthening metals. When a crystalline solid is deformed plastically, it becomes more resistant, and a greater stress is required for additional deformation. [3] The hardening in a crystalline structure occurs because these materials deform plastically by the movement of dislocations. When a polycrystal is deformed in rolling, forming, drawing, and so on, the randomly oriented grains will slip on their appropriate glide systems and rotate from their initial conditions, under the constraint from the neighboring grains. [3] This leads to a strong increase in dislocation density, which in turn produces a higher yield strength. Dislocation sources create new dislocations during plastic deformation and serve to increase the dislocation density. This hardens the material, a process called work hardening, strain hardening, or sometimes strengthening by cold working. [4] The formability test is a widely applied technique used in the manufacturing of metal sheet parts. The formability process includes a variety of types and operating conditions. An important tool used to evaluate the formability of metal sheets is the forming limit diagram (FLD). The FLD concept was introduced by Keeler and Backofen [5] and Goodwin. [6] The FLD represents the maximum values of the principal strains (major ε 1 and minor ε 2 ) that one metal sheet can withstand before the onset of necking. Currently, there are many different mechanical tests to determine the experimental FLD. Among these, the most commonly used tests are the Marciniak [7] and Nakazima [8] tests, whereby the sheet metal is plastically strained by a flat tip or a round-tip punch, respectively. [9] Both tests use different sample geometries to induce the different strain paths, whereby the principal difference is the punch geometry (see Appendix A).Various approaches are used to determine the onset of necking and the corresponding limit strain. In one approach, grid circles and square patterns are applied on the sample, as proposed by

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Failure analysis of AISI 430 stainless steel sheet under stretching and bending conditions

Luiz

Rodrigues

2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Assessment of the effect of the through-thickness strain/stress gradient on the formability of stretch-bend metal sheets

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

On the Use of Maximum Force Criteria to Predict Localised Necking in Metal Sheets under Stretch-Bending

On the Use of Maximum Force Criteria to Predict Localised Necking in Metal Sheets under Stretch-Bending

Microstructure, Anisotropy and Formability Evolution of an Annealed AISI 430 Stainless Steel Sheet

Failure analysis of AISI 430 stainless steel sheet under stretching and bending conditions

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