Assessment of the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) and Extracorporeal Magnetic Innervation (ExMI) in Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training and extracorporeal magnetic innervation in treatment of urinary incontinence in women with stress urinary incontinence. Methods. The randomized controlled trial enrolled 128 women with stress urinary incontinence who were randomly allocated to either one out of two experimental groups (EG1 or EG2) or the control group (CG). Subjects in the experimental group 1 (EG1) received 12 sessions of pelvic floor muscle training, whereas subjects in the experimental group 2 (EG2) received 12 sessions of extracorporeal magnetic innervation. Subjects in the control group (CG) did not receive any therapeutic intervention. The following instruments were used to measure results in all study groups at the initial and final assessments: Revised Urinary Incontinence Scale (RUIS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ). Results. In both experimental groups, a statistically significant decline in depressive symptoms (BDI-II) and an improvement in urinary incontinence severity (RUIS) and quality of life (KHQ) were found in the following domains: “social limitations,” “emotions,” “severity measures,” and “symptom severity scale.” Moreover, self-efficacy beliefs (GSES) improved in the experimental group that received ExMI (EG2). No statistically significant differences were found between all measured variables in the control group. Comparative analysis of the three study groups showed statistically significant differences at the final assessment in the quality of life in the following domains: “physical limitations,” “social limitations,” “personal relationships,” and “emotions.” Conclusion. Pelvic floor muscle training and extracorporeal magnetic innervation proved to be effective treatment methods for stress urinary incontinence in women. The authors observed an improvement in both the physical and psychosocial aspects.

Urinary Incontinence in Women: Modern Methods of Physiotherapy as a Support for Surgical Treatment or Independent Therapy

“…In such cases, it is a preferable activation of PFM to fully use the potential of the female pelvic floor. Recent studies [112,116,122] suggest that MS induces improvement in the severity of incontinence (level of evidence: 2); however, EAU does not recommend using magnetic stimulation to treat UI (strong evidence) and they do not mention vibration training [103]. EAU guidelines do not include the latest RCT work indicating the effectiveness of the above techniques in reduction of UI symptoms, these works are presented in this review.…”

“…The beneficial effect of MS was also noted in the reduction of UI incidents in patients after radical hysterectomy due to cervical cancer [114]. Moreover, it also causes short-and long-term improvement in the quality of life of women with SUI [115] while improving the severity of depression symptoms observed in these women [106,116]. It is also important to highlight the findings of Koh et al [108] who showed comparable efficacy of Extracorporeal Magnetic Innervation (ExMI) as alpha-blocker monotherapy in the treatment of female bladder outlet obstruction.…”

“…(2020) [116] Evaluation of the effectiveness of PFMT and ExMI in the treatment of women with SUI. For both: women were educated about PFM and received low-intensity PFMT program to home practice.…”

Effect of Urinary Incontinence on the Quality of Life of Older Adults in Riyadh: Medical and Sociocultural Perspectives

“…We added eleven additional questions about demographics, nine questions about risk factors, four questions regarding social/physical limitations from the King's Health Questionnaire [14], six questions regarding cultural aspects, and three questions about help-seeking behaviors to the target population. We measured the height and weight of participants to calculate their body mass index (BMI).…”

Pelvic-Floor Dysfunction Prevention in Prepartum and Postpartum Periods

“…Still, more evidence is needed about the best timing of PFMT in the postpartum period [ 25 ]. There are also some methods that were useful in treating middle-aged women with UI or POP symptoms; however, their effect on prepartum and postpartum women is unknown, for example extracorporeal magnetotherapy [ 76 ].…”