Assessment of the efficiency of biofuel use in the operation of marine diesel engines

Abstract

The object of research is the process of operation of marine diesel engines using biodiesel fuel. The subject of research is the process of experimental determination of the optimal concentration of biodiesel fuel in a mixture with fuel of petroleum origin. At the same time, a simultaneous maximum increase in environmental and minimum decrease in the economic parameters of the operation of a marine diesel engine should be ensured. The studies were carried out on Hyundai Heavy Industries 5H17/28 marine diesel engines. Three such diesel engines were part of the power plant of a specialized marine ship with deadweight of 9600 tons. The study was aimed at determining the concentration of biofuel in a mixture with diesel fuel, which provides the best environmental performance of a diesel engine. The fuel supply circuit to the first diesel did not change and the diesel was operated on RMB30 fuel. Two other diesel engines were operated on a fuel mixture – RMB30 fuel and B99.9 FAME biofuel. The content of biofuel in the mixture varied in the range of 5–20 %. The main quantities measured during the experiment were the concentration of nitrogen oxides and the volumetric content of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases, as well as the specific effective fuel consumption. By switching groups of consumers, the operation of diesel engines was carried out at the same load, the support of which was required during the experiment. The load on diesel engines during the experiments varied in the range of 55–85 % of the nominal value. The operation of diesel engines in each of the studied modes was carried out for at least 1.5–2 hours, during which the main parameters were measured and the obtained values were averaged. It has been established that the use of biofuel increases the environmental friendliness of the marine diesel engine: – by 7.6–26.61 % (depending on the diesel loading and the content of biofuel in the fuel mixture), the emission of nitrogen oxides with exhaust gases is reduced; – by 3.8–23.6 % (depending on diesel loading and biofuel content in the fuel mixture) reduces the emission of carbon oxides with exhaust gases. It has been also determined that when using biofuel, there is an increase in the specific effective fuel consumption by 0.5–8.65 %, which reduces the efficiency of a diesel engine. The optimal composition of the fuel mixture containing biofuel is proposed to be determined experimentally for each diesel load, taking into account its environmental and economic indicators.

Analysis of methods of managing the environmental safety of the navigation passage of ships of maritime transport

“…At the same time, the restriction of the use of biodiesel fuel on ships is due to its short shelf life. This limits its use during long ocean or sea crossings [1,23].…”

“…Even for small sailing ships, sails are used as an additional source that provides movement, and a heat engine is installed as the main one. Internal combustion engines (diesels) are the most common heat engines used in transport [1,2]. Diesels are sources of mechanical energy for automobile, railway, sea and inland water transport, as well as agricultural and mobile (small or portable) equipment [3,4].…”

Development of method for managing risk factors for emergency situations when using low-sulfur content fuel in marine diesel engines

“…One of the main difficulties that arise when converting diesel engines to operate using low-sulfur fuel is the following. A decrease in the sulfur content in the fuel leads to a decrease in its density, viscosity, auto-ignition temperature and an increase in the calorific value of the fuel (due to a proportional increase in the hydrogen and carbon content in the fuel) [13,14].…”