Assessment of the embryotoxicity of four Chinese herbal extracts using the embryonic stem cell test

Li, Lin‐Yan; Cao, Fenfang; Su, Zhijian; Zhang, Qi‐Hao; Dai, Xiaoyong; Xiao, Xu; Huang, Yadong; Zheng, Qing; Xu, Hua

doi:10.3892/mmr.2015.3598

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Herbal remedies, being considered as 'harmless' and 'natural', are often used during pregnancy (Mohammed et al, 2016). Although there are generally insufficient data on the potential embryotoxicity of herbal remedies, some data indicate that their use during the early stages of pregnancy may not be safe for fetal development (Li et al, 2015;Mohammed et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard assessment of Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf. for selected endpoints using a battery of in vitro tests

Hiben

Kamelia

Haan

et al. 2019

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf is a medicinal and wild food plant growing mainly in east Africa. Especially its root tuber is widely used in traditional medicine to treat several infectious and chronic diseases but also in some toxicity implications like use as abortifacient. Aim of the study: the present study applied in silico and in vitro tests to identify possible hazards of M. subcordata (fruit, leaf, root, seed) methanol extracts focusing on developmental toxicity. Materials and methods: Ames test, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) assay, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) assay, embryonic stem cell test (EST), and zebrafish embryotoxicity test (ZET) were employed. Besides, a Derek Nexus toxicity prediction was performed on candidate structures obtained from metabolomics profiling of the extracts using liquid chromatography coupled to multistage mass spectroscopy (LC/MS n) and a MAGMa software based structural annotation. Results: Glucosinolates, which degrade to isothiocyanates, and biogenic amines were among the candidate molecules identified in the extracts by LC/MS n-MAGMa software structural annotation. Isothiocyanates and some other candidate molecules suggested a positive mutagenicity alert in Derek toxicity predictions. All the extracts showed negative mutagenicity in the Ames test. However, the Derek predictions also identified endocrine and developmental toxicity as possible endpoints of concern. This was further assessed using in vitro tests. Results obtained reveal that leaf extract shows AhR and ERα agonist activities, inhibited differentiation of ES-D3 stem cells into contracting cardiomyocytes in the EST (p<0.001) as well as inhibited hatching (p<0.01) and showed acute toxicity (p<0.01) in the ZET. Also, the fruit extract showed toxicity (p<0.05) towards zebrafish embryos and both 2 fruit and seed extracts showed AhR agonist activities while root extract was devoid of activity in all in vitro assays. Conclusion: The leaf extract tests positive in in vitro tests that this may point towards a developmental toxicity hazard. The current evaluations did not raise concerns of genotoxicity or developmental toxicity for the fruit, seed and root extracts. This is important given the use of especially these parts of M. subcordata, in traditional medicine and/or as (famine) food.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard assessment of Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf. for selected endpoints using a battery of in vitro tests

Hiben

Kamelia

Haan

et al. 2019

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…Genkwa was classified as strongly embryotoxic (Li et al, 2015). An aqueous seed extract of Croton tiglium L. has the potential to generate both developmental toxicity and genotoxicity in zebrafish (Yumnamcha et al, 2020).…”

Section: Uncharacterised Risk Mixture Derived From Tcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IC 50 values for the 3T3 cells and ESCs was 0.51 and 0.75 mg/ml, respectively, and the value of ID 50 ES was 1.15 mg/ml. Therefore, Flos Genkwa was classified as strongly embryotoxic (Li et al, 2015). An aqueous seed extract of Croton tiglium L .…”

Section: Classification On the Risk Components In Tcm‐induced Reprodu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk compounds, potential mechanisms and biomarkers of traditional Chinese medicine‐induced reproductive toxicity

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Toxicology

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With the increasing application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), TCM-induced reproductive toxicity has gradually aroused people's concern. Various TCM, such as Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., Radix Aconiti lateralis Preparata and Rhizoma Pinelliae, are currently reported to cause reproductive toxicity in humans and animals. However, a summary of the material bases, mechanisms and biological markers of TCMinduced reproductive toxicity is still lacking. This review filled the gap by searching and summarising relevant studies and articles published on PubMed, CNKI and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to November 2021. The risk ingredients involved in TCM-induced reproductive toxicity were divided into glycosides, alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, anthraquinones, lactones, plant toxin proteins, animal toxins and so forth. Potential mechanisms underlying TCM-induced reproductive toxicity, including steroidogenic toxicity, lipids metabolism abnormity, energy insufficiency, oxidative stress and apoptosis, were illustrated. We also outlined possible biomarkers, especially biomarkers of effect involved in TCM-induced reproductive toxicity, including anti-oxidant enzymes, signalling pathways, genes and growth factors.

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“…15 In addition, RC extracts showed weak embryotoxicity. 16 The alkaloids were also perceived as the main toxic substances in RC. 7 Berberine was accepted to be the major toxic constituent in RC, which showed the highest content in the heart tissue of mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiotoxicity evaluation of nine alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptis

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Hum Exp Toxicol

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Assessment of the embryotoxicity of four Chinese herbal extracts using the embryonic stem cell test

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Hazard assessment of Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf. for selected endpoints using a battery of in vitro tests

Hazard assessment of Maerua subcordata (Gilg) DeWolf. for selected endpoints using a battery of in vitro tests

Risk compounds, potential mechanisms and biomarkers of traditional Chinese medicine‐induced reproductive toxicity

Cardiotoxicity evaluation of nine alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptis

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