Assessment of the Fe-Ti system

Jönsson, Stefan

doi:10.1007/s11663-998-0113-z

Cited by 55 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…The minimum titanium concentration to form titanium carbonitride in carbon-saturated iron was deduced as As reviewed recently by Jonsson,13) the available thermodynamic data for the Fe-Ti-N system agrees fairly well with each other. Morita and Kunisada's 14) data for the standard free-energy change for reaction (4) was recommended 13) and given by…”

Section: (1)supporting

confidence: 66%

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Formation of Titanium Carbonitride from Hot Metal.

Yongquan

Fruehan

2001

ISIJ International

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Studies on the formation of TiC and Ti(C,N) from hot metal were preformed to determine the conditions required for the formation of a protective layer rich in titanium carbonitride on the refractories in the blast furnace hearth. In situ observations of the formation of TiC and Ti(C,N) from carbon-saturated iron containing 0.07 to 1.3 mass% titanium were made at 1 673 to 1 873 K using a confocal scanning laser microscope equipped with an infrared image furnace. In order to measure the activity coefficient of titanium, the solubility of titanium in carbon-saturated iron was measured and found to be 1.3, 1.0, and 0.3 mass% at temperatures of 1 798, 1 772, and 1 670 K, respectively. The activity coefficient of titanium in carbon-saturated iron is expressed as log f Ti ϭϪ5.41ϩ6 890/T. Based on the results the conditions for Ti(C,N) formation and the amount of TiO 2 addition to a blast furnace were calculated. At 1 773 K and 1.0 atm of nitrogen, the minimum titanium in hot metal to form Ti(C,N) was determined to be 0.2 mass%. Under typical blast furnace operation conditions, a titanium load of 3.6-5.2 kg TiO 2 /tHM is required. It was conclude that in situ observation using confocal scanning laser microscope provided us a unique and reliable technique to study thermodynamic of some molten metal systems.

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Section: (1)supporting

confidence: 66%

“…Morita and Kunisada's 14) data for the standard free-energy change for reaction (4) was recommended 13) and given by…”

Section: (1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Titanium Carbonitride from Hot Metal.

Yongquan

Fruehan

2001

ISIJ International

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“…According to Fig. 2, the titanium activity of 0.92 equals x Ti ¼ 0.93 [14]. However, the composition of the surface determined by EPMA were in the range of 0.84-0.85.…”

Section: Analysis Of Deposited Layermentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In Fig. 2, the calculated activity of titanium at 1173 K using parameters fitted by CALPHAD [14] is plotted as a function of mol fraction of Ti in Fe-Ti alloy. Fig.…”

Section: Galvanic Contact Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroplating of titanium on iron by galvanic contact deposition in NaCl–TiCl₂molten salt

Uda

Okabe

Waseda

et al. 2006

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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A commercial titanium coating method is not available with the exception of physical vapor deposition or titanium cladding which are a very expensive processes. However, it is very attractive to coat the surface of steel with a thin titanium layer for improving its corrosion resistance against salt water or acids. This paper describes a method for electroplating a thin titanium layer on an iron surface by galvanic contact deposition in which pure titanium and an iron electrode are immersed into a molten salt (NaCl-TiCl 2 ) at high temperature; both electrodes are connected through an external circuit. By immersing iron in the molten salt for 10 h at 1200 K, we obtained a flat and thin layer of titanium-iron alloy on iron. The thickness and composition of this layer were 50710 mm and Ti-15-16 mol% Fe, respectively. The corrosion resistance of this titanium-rich alloy layer is expected to be greater than that of steel. Galvanic contact deposition is a very simple method in which iron and titanium electrodes are just immersed into molten salts without the use of an external power source. Thus, the capability of the method presently proposed could be suggested so as to improve the corrosion resistance of steel, particularly from the practical process point of view. r

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“…13. Recently, Bouchard and Bale, 36) Jonsson 38) and Dumitrescu and Hillert 39) were thermodynamically assessed Fe-Ti binary system with literature values. Previous values vary more than one order from 0.004 to 0.050, and most of them are about one order larger than ours.…”

Section: Thermodynamical Analysis Bymentioning

confidence: 99%