Occupational exposure to pesticides has been identified as a promoting factor for the development of cancer. Pesticides can cause intoxication in the individuals who manipulate them, either by inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact. Therefore, our study aimed to describe the association between cancer and occupational exposure to pesticides from 2011 to 2020 through a bibliometric analysis. We selected 62 papers in the Scopus database. The results indicated an exponential increase in studies in the last decade; on a geographic scale, the USA, France, India, and Brazil were the countries that most investigated the association of cancer and pesticides among the 21 nationalities found. The main classes of pesticides were insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides associated with intoxication and cancer. Among the most reported cancers were multiple myeloma, bladder cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, prostate, leukemia, and breast cancer. Although pesticides are associated with health problems, studies involving cancer and these products are still scarce when related to global use and the demand for agricultural production on the planet.