Assessment of the greenhouse gas emissions from aeroponic lettuce cultivation in Greece

Carbon Footprint of Greenhouse Production in EU—How Close Are We to Green Deal Goals?

“…Another factor that appears to have differentiated the CF of GH production is the growing season. Specifically, in a work conducted on lettuce cultivation in Greece, the CF of production in winter was 3.549 kg CO 2 eq per kg of lettuce, a value which is greater than spring cultivation (2.775 kg CO 2 eq per kg of lettuce) and winter-spring cultivation (2.173 kg CO 2 eq per kg of lettuce) [47]. Similar findings were also observed in tomato cultivation in Spain, where the CF in two spring crops was calculated at 0.61 and 0.56 kg CO 2 eq/kg of tomatoes, respectively, while in the winter crop it was 1.41 kg CO 2 eq/kg of tomatoes [38].…”

“…In the selected studies, it was measured that in organic GH production, tomato yield was 15 kg/m 2 per year (for two cultivation seasons), while the corresponding value in conventional GH systems was 17.4 kg/m 2 [40]. The season in which crops are grown, may play a crucial role in yield, as it was shown that the winter cultivation of aeroponic lettuce resulted in 120 kg, while in the autumn-winter period, the yield was measured at 279.3 kg [47]. In another work where tomato was grown in different production scenarios in Germany, in a GH with F-clean cover materials and energy-saving screens, yield was measured at 17.9 kg/m 2 .…”

“…The cultivation period of the crops varies according to the plant species, the country of production and the type of study (experimental or commercial). In particular, lettuce, which has a much shorter biological cycle than tomato, was cultivated for about a month or a maximum of two months [46] in the works under study and there were multiple cycles of cultivation during a year [46,47]. Tomato was cultivated from six months (10 studies) to one year (12 studies), without any clear correlation between country and cultivation period.…”

“…The different production systems also present a difference in environmental performance due to inputs and cultivation process variation. In particular, it has been shown that cultivation in an aeroponic system presents a higher energy consumption than in a soil cultivation system, and this fact in combination with the lower yield that may be observed in winter cultivation lead to a larger CF [47]. Differences also exist between hydroponic and soil cultivation in GHs, due to increased energy consumption for the operation of hydroponic systems, water recirculation, or the operation of oxygen pumps, as these result in an increased CF [51,53].…”

Đánh đổi phát thải khí nhà kính để đạt được hiệu quả tài chính từ mô hình canh tác ớt và cải xanh tại huyện Hòn Đất, tỉnh Kiên Giang

“…Khi xét trên khối lượng sản phẩm, lượng khí nhà kính phát thải trong sản xuất 1 tấn ớt (246,5 kg-CO 2 e t −1 ) cao hơn sản xuất rau ở Trung Quốc (116 kg-CO 2 e t −1 ). Lượng phát thải của ớt và cải xanh (107,4 kg-CO 2 e t −1 ) đều cao hơn rau vụ Đông không sử dụng hệ thống sưởi ở Úc (90 kg-CO 2 e t −1 ), sản xuất dưa leo ở Paskitan (19,63 kg-CO 2 e t −1 ) và thấp hơn nhiều so với sản xuất xà lách ở Hy Lạp (2.170 kg-CO 2 e t −1 ) (Theurl et al, 2017;Ali & Khan, 2019;Barla et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021).…”