Assessment of the household availability of oral rehydration salt in rural Botswana

Jammalamadugu, Swetha; Mosime, Botsang; Masupe, Tiny; Habte, Dereje

doi:10.11604/pamj.2013.15.130.2793

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We found community ORS knowledge to be relatively poor. Women and respondents with children in the household were more likely to have some knowledge on ORS indicating that this information is most likely disseminated through baby and childcare clinics, a nding which has also been made in rural Botswana 26 . There is a gap in information dissemination for men and households without children which should be addressed to improve uptake of ORS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhoeal diseases in Soweto, South Africa, 2020: a community survey

Johnstone¹,

Page²,

Madhi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background In South Africa, there are limited data on the burden of diarrhoea at a community level, specifically in older children and adults. This community survey estimated rates of and risk factors for diarrhoea across all ages and determined the proportion of cases presenting to healthcare facilities. Methods Randomly sampled households were enrolled from an existing urban health and demographic surveillance site. A household representative was interviewed to determine risk factors and occurrence of diarrhoea in the household, for all household members, in the past two weeks (including symptoms and health seeking behaviour). Diarrhoeal rate of any severity was calculated for <5 years, 5-15 years and >15 years age groups. Risk factors for diarrhoea and factors associated with health seeking behaviour were investigated using binomial logistic regression. Results Diarrhoeal rate among respondents (2.5 episodes/person-year (95%CI, 1.8-3.5)) was significantly higher than for other household members (1.0 episodes/person-year (95%CI, 0.8-1.4); IRR=2.4 (95%CI, 1.5-3.7) p<0.001). Diarrhoeal rate was not significantly different between age groups, however younger children (<5 years) were more likely to present to healthcare facilities (OR=5.86 (95%CI, 1.09-31.37), p=0.039). Having a child between 5-15 years in the household was associated with diarrhoea (OR=2.26 (95% CI, 1.32-3.86), p=0.003). While 26.4% of cases sought healthcare, only 4.6% of cases were hospitalised and only 3.4% of cases had a stool specimen collected. Conclusion Diarrhoeal rate was high across all age groups in this community; however, older children and adults were less likely to present to healthcare, and are therefore underrepresented through facility-based clinical surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhoeal diseases in Soweto, South Africa, 2020: a community survey

Johnstone¹,

Page²,

Madhi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Medicine choices are also influenced by caregiver preferences for treatment types, perceptions about causes of diarrhoea, cost of treatments and distance to health facilities 30 31. Increasing use of ORS and zinc requires strategies for public and private sectors, along with improving knowledge of caregivers on the preparation and use of ORS, and facilitating access through community outlets 32…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor availability of essential medicines for women and children threatens progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3 in Africa

Droti

O’Neill

Mathai³

et al. 2019

BMJ Glob Health

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BackgroundMost maternal and child deaths are preventable or treatable with proven, cost-effective interventions for infectious diseases and maternal and neonatal complications. In 2015 sub-Saharan Africa accounted for up to 66% of global maternal deaths and half of the under-five deaths. Access to essential medicines and commodities and trained healthcare workers to provide life-saving maternal, newborn and post-natal care are central to further reductions in maternal and child mortality.MethodsAvailable data for 24 priority medicines for women and children were extracted from WHO service availability and readiness assessments conducted between 2012 and 2015 for eight countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The mean availability of medicines in facilities stating they provide services for women or children and differences by facility type, ownership and location are reported.ResultsThe mean availability of 12 priority essential medicines for women ranged from 22% to 40% (median 33%; IQR 12%) and 12 priority medicines for children ranged from 28% to 57% (median 50%; IQR 14%). Few facilities (<1%) had all nominated medicines available. There was higher availability of priority medicines for women in hospitals than in primary care facilities: range 32%–80% (median 61%) versus 20%–39% (median 23%) and for children’s medicines 31%–71% (median 58%) versus 27%–57% (median 48%). Availability was higher in public than private facilities: for women’s medicines, range 21%–41% (median 34%) versus 4%–36% (median 27%) and for children’s medicines 28%–58% (median 51%) versus 5%–58% (median 46%). Patterns were mixed for rural and urban location for the priority medicines for women, but similar for children’s medicines.ConclusionsThe survey results show unacceptably low availability of priority medicines for women and children in the eight countries. Governments should ensure the availability of medicines for mothers and children if they are to achieve the health sustainable development goals.

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“…If at all treatment is given, it is usually not adequately prepared and therefore individuals seldom respond to it. A recent study carried out in Botswana confirms the persistence of the disease regardless of treatment availability [6]. In such situations, prevention of the disease will prove to be far much better than cure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A system to evaluate the presence of a diarrheal epidemic caused by Shigella and Salmonella

Chaturvedi

Masupe

2014

IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI)

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Epidemic modeling of a disease like diarrhea help in understanding the dynamics of the disease as well as preventing it. According to the pathogenesis, models for Shigella and Salmonella have been formulated and the basic reproduction number (R 0 ) has been evaluated. These models have been built up into a user-friendly graphical user interface that displays the presence and effects of the epidemic. It was established that as long as R 0 <1, there will be no epidemic. The outputs from the system are very clear and help in determining the extent and existence of the epidemic.

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Assessment of the household availability of oral rehydration salt in rural Botswana

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Diarrhoeal diseases in Soweto, South Africa, 2020: a community survey

Diarrhoeal diseases in Soweto, South Africa, 2020: a community survey

Poor availability of essential medicines for women and children threatens progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3 in Africa

A system to evaluate the presence of a diarrheal epidemic caused by Shigella and Salmonella

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