Assessment of the impact of demand-side management on distribution network voltage stability

Tang, Xiaoqing; Milanović, Jovica V.

doi:10.1049/oap-cired.2017.0868

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…to reduce the electricity payment. The constraints for curtailable load are given by Equations (10) and (11). Shiftable load is bounded by the maximum inflow and outflow power when shifting load from t to t' interval, as represented by Equations (12) and (13).…”

Section: Step 1: Local Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the challenges about uncertainties and peak load are mentioned above, various publications have proposed solutions for demand side based on the demand side management (DSM) strategies [10]. For instance, DSM strategies can contribute to the voltage stability of distribution network [11] or the adjustment of end-use energy consuming behavior [12,13]. Electrical loads can be arranged to be turned on or off depending on how people consume.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Demand Response Programs on Optimal Operation of Multi-Microgrid System

et al. 2018

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The increased penetration of renewables is beneficial for power systems but it poses several challenges, i.e., uncertainty in power supply, power quality issues, and other technical problems. Backup generators or storage system have been proposed to solve this problem but there are limitations remaining due to high installation and maintenance cost. Furthermore, peak load is also an issue in the power distribution system. Due to the adjustable characteristics of loads, strategies on demand side such as demand response (DR) are more appropriate in order to deal with these challenges. Therefore, this paper studies how DR programs influence the operation of the multi-microgrid (MMG). The implementation is executed based on a hierarchical energy management system (HiEMS) including microgrid EMSs (MG-EMSs) responsible for local optimization in each MG and community EMS (C-EMS) responsible for community optimization in the MMG. Mixed integer linear programming (MILP)-based mathematical models are built for MMG optimal operation. Five scenarios consisting of single DR programs and DR groups are tested in an MMG test system to evaluate their impact on MMG operation. Among the five scenarios, some DR programs apply curtailing strategies, resulting in a study about the influence of base load value and curtailable load percentage on the amount of curtailed load and shifted load as well as the operation cost of the MMG. Furthermore, the impact of DR programs on the amount of external and internal trading power in the MMG is also examined. In summary, each individual DR program or group could be handy in certain situations depending on the interest of the MMG such as external trading, self-sufficiency or operation cost minimization.

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Section: Step 1: Local Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Demand Response Programs on Optimal Operation of Multi-Microgrid System

et al. 2018

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“…Many research outcomes have addressed the impact of DSR on the voltage stability of power distribution networks and the effect of load shedding/shifting on overall network stability [28,29]. DSR actions can change the voltage waveform of the network (amplitude or angular, or both), with the level of impact dependent on the type and size of the shed load (induction motor, constant impedance load, or both) from one hour to another.…”

Section: The Extent Of the Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

“…DSR actions can change the voltage waveform of the network (amplitude or angular, or both), with the level of impact dependent on the type and size of the shed load (induction motor, constant impedance load, or both) from one hour to another. It has been reported that shedding constant impedance loads decreases maximum loadability (the critical point of the system where beyond this point the voltage tends to become unstable) of the network rather more than other induction motor type loads [28].…”

Section: The Extent Of the Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Demand Side Response on a Commercial Retail Refrigeration System

et al. 2018

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The UK National Grid has placed increased emphasis on the development of Demand Side Response (DSR) tariff mechanisms to manage load at peak times. Refrigeration systems, along with HVAC, are estimated to consume 14% of the UK’s electricity and could have a significant role for DSR application. However, characterized by relatively low individual electrical loads and massive asset numbers, multiple low power refrigerators need aggregation for inclusion in these tariffs. In this paper, the impact of the Demand Side Response (DSR) control mechanisms on food retailing refrigeration systems is investigated. The experiments are conducted in a test-rig built to resemble a typical small supermarket store. The paper demonstrates how the temperature and pressure profiles of the system, the active power and the drawn current of the compressors are affected following a rapid shut down and subsequent return to normal operation as a response to a DSR event. Moreover, risks and challenges associated with primary and secondary Firm Frequency Response (FFR) mechanisms, where the load is rapidly shed at high speed in response to changes in grid frequency, is considered. For instance, measurements are included that show a significant increase in peak inrush currents of approx. 30% when the system returns to normal operation at the end of a DSR event. Consideration of how high inrush currents after a DSR event can produce voltage fluctuations of the supply and we assess risks to the local power supply system.

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“…Essential requirements are for fast and reliable IT infrastructures that can handle large amounts of high bandwidth data streams [19,20], and supervisory controllers to monitor and control distributed sub-controllers [1]. To date, most existing DSR business models for food focus on improving operation or emergency response for domestic refrigerators, or for a simple system where a single case is cooled by a single compressor, with comparatively few studies examining the impact of DSR during and after the load recovery interval for large networks of retail refrigeration systems [21]. The impact of responding to a DSR event on voltage stability of the power network, and hence on the overall stability of the entire power system, is investigated in [2,21], which shows that both the type and size of the load shed and the stiffness characteristics of the power network affect the electrical characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power and energy analysis for a commercial retail refrigeration system responding to a static demand side response

Albayati

Postnikov

Pearson

et al. 2020

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

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The paper considers the impact of Demand Side Response events on supply power profile and energy efficiency of widely distributed aggregated loads applied across commercial refrigeration systems. Responses to secondary grid frequency static DSR events are investigated. Experimental trials are conducted on a system of refrigerators representing a small retail store, and subsequently on the refrigerators of an operational superstore in the UK. Energy consumption and energy savings during 3 hours of operation, pre and post-secondary DSR, are discussed. In addition, a simultaneous secondary DSR event is realised across three operational retail stores located in different geographical regions of the UK. A Simulink model for a 3Φ power network is used to investigate the impact of a synchronised return to normal operation of the aggregated refrigeration systems post DSR on the local power network. Results show ~1% drop in line voltage due to the synchronised return to operation. An analysis of energy consumption shows that DSR events can facilitate energy savings of between 3.8% and 9.3% compared to normal operation. This is a result of the refrigerators operating more efficiently during and shortly after the DSR. The use of aggregated refrigeration loads can contribute to the necessary load-shed by 97.3% at the beginning of DSR and 27% during 30 minutes DSR, based on a simultaneous DSR event carried out on three retail stores.

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Assessment of the impact of demand-side management on distribution network voltage stability

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Impact of Demand Response Programs on Optimal Operation of Multi-Microgrid System

Impact of Demand Response Programs on Optimal Operation of Multi-Microgrid System

Impact of Demand Side Response on a Commercial Retail Refrigeration System

Power and energy analysis for a commercial retail refrigeration system responding to a static demand side response

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