Assessment of the Material State of Oil and Gas Pipelines Based on the Metal Magnetic Memory Method

Dubov, A. A.; Kolokolnikov, Sergey

doi:10.1007/bf03321331

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…and include the results of stress induced magnetization changes.' The method under consideration is based on the relation between deformation processes (often accompanied by defects formation) and magnetometric anomalies [2].…”

Section: Magnetic Field Of the Pipelinementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel quantum NMR magnetometer non-contact defectoscopy and monitoring technique for the safe exploitation of gas pipelines

Narkhov¹,

Sapunov²,

Denisov³

et al. 2014

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Pipeline transportation has already proved to be a high-performance tool of resources transportation for the efficient functioning of modern society. However, an aggressive environment, the modernization of existing pipelines and the building of new pipelines pose a number of problems to be solved for secure exploitation. Such problems include mapping, systems certification, technical inspection and monitoring. Recently much attention has being paid to the effective solution of these problems, with no interference into the functioning of the existing systems (non-contact methods), and the magnetometric technique is one such method. The method presented in this paper is based on the interpretation of the absolute value of the magnetic field of an object, which allows us to carry out measurements more accurately compared to other approaches. This paper presents the preliminary results of the usage of high-precision absolute quantum Overhauser "POS" (proton Overhauser sensor) magnetometers in the oil-and-gas field. The field work conducted in the summer of 2013 showed that this equipment has great potential for safe exploitation of oil-and-gas pipelines. The efficiency of the geophysical equipment for gas pipelines of a large diameter (1400 mm) was also confirmed under actual operating conditions.

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Section: Magnetic Field Of the Pipelinementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel quantum NMR magnetometer non-contact defectoscopy and monitoring technique for the safe exploitation of gas pipelines

Narkhov¹,

Sapunov²,

Denisov³

et al. 2014

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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show abstract

“…Recently, several studies about the defects inspection of ferromagnetic structures have been reported using the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The MMM method is a passive magnetic testing technique, which is different to the conventional magnetic flux leakage method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement System of Metal Magnetic Memory Method Signals around Rectangular Defects of a Ferromagnetic Pipe

et al. 2019

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Oil and gas pipeline networks require the periodic inspection of their infrastructure, which can cause gas and oil leakage with several damages to the environment and human health. For this, non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques of low-cost and easy implementation are required. An option is the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method, which could be used for real-time monitoring defects of ferromagnetic structures based on the analysis of self-magnetic leakage fields distribution around each defect. This method only requires magnetic sensors with high resolution and a data processing system. We present a measurement system of tangential and normal MMM signals of three rectangular defects of an ASTM A-36 steel pipe. This system is formed by a magnetoresistive sensor, an Arduino nano and a virtual instrumentation. The measured magnetic signals have non-uniform distributions around the rectangular defects, which have small differences with respect to the results obtained of a 2D magnetic dipole model. The size of each rectangular defect is related to the amplitude and shape of its tangential and normal MMM signals. The proposed system could be used for real-time monitoring of the size and location of rectangular defects of ferromagnetic pipes. This system does not require expensive equipment, operators with high skill level or a special treatment of the ferromagnetic samples.

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“…These magnetomechanical effects have been widely described for homogeneous stress and strain states [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Over the last 20 years, a nondestructive testing (NDT) technique, called the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method, has been established, which is suggested for the detection and assessment of “early damage” on the basis of natural, stress-induced magnetic stray fields [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. However, the mechanical and microstructural complexity of inhomogeneous deformation and damage has so far been insufficiently considered in the MMM literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the underlying microstructural and mechanical origins of the magnetic stray field formation under inhomogeneous elastic-plastic deformation are still not fully understood. Additionally, the magnetomechanical hypotheses were not validated experimentally: it is assumed that the stray fields occur “on the components’ surfaces in the zones of stable slip bands of dislocations under the exposure to operational and residual stresses …” [ 22 ]. Yet, the literature in the field of MMM neither explains nor experimentally verifies, how the observed macroscopic stray fields correlate with pinning of magnetic domain walls by dislocations in randomly oriented grains and solely under the excitation of the Earth’s magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Surface Topography on Deformation-Induced Magnetization under Inhomogeneous Elastic-Plastic Deformation

et al. 2018

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It is widely accepted that the magnetic state of a ferromagnetic material may be irreversibly altered by mechanical loading due to magnetoelastic effects. A novel standardized nondestructive testing (NDT) technique uses weak magnetic stray fields, which are assumed to arise from inhomogeneous deformation, for structural health monitoring (i.e., for detection and assessment of damage). However, the mechanical and microstructural complexity of damage has hitherto only been insufficiently considered. The aim of this study is to discuss the phenomenon of inhomogeneous “self-magnetization” of a polycrystalline ferromagnetic material under inhomogeneous deformation experimentally and with stronger material-mechanical focus. To this end, notched specimens were elastically and plastically deformed. Surface magnetic states were measured by a three-axis giant magnetoresistant (GMR) sensor and were compared with strain field (digital image correlation) and optical topography measurements. It is demonstrated that the stray fields do not solely form due to magnetoelastic effects. Instead, inhomogeneous plastic deformation causes topography, which is one of the main origins for the magnetic stray field formation. Additionally, if not considered, topography may falsify the magnetic signals due to variable lift-off values. The correlation of magnetic vector components with mechanical tensors, particularly for multiaxial stress/strain states and inhomogeneous elastic-plastic deformations remains an issue.

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Assessment of the Material State of Oil and Gas Pipelines Based on the Metal Magnetic Memory Method

Cited by 38 publications

References 1 publication

Novel quantum NMR magnetometer non-contact defectoscopy and monitoring technique for the safe exploitation of gas pipelines

Novel quantum NMR magnetometer non-contact defectoscopy and monitoring technique for the safe exploitation of gas pipelines

Measurement System of Metal Magnetic Memory Method Signals around Rectangular Defects of a Ferromagnetic Pipe

The Role of Surface Topography on Deformation-Induced Magnetization under Inhomogeneous Elastic-Plastic Deformation

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